Development of novel polyesters and polyurethanes utilizing saccharide derivatives

1. 以1,4,3,6 -二氢己醇为原料合成聚酯及其生物可降解性以3种立体异构体1,4,3,6 -二氢己醇和4种不同的脂肪族二羧酸氯化物为缩聚物合成聚酯。通过中性磷酸盐缓冲液水解、活性污泥降解和堆肥土壤掩埋试验，考察了这些聚酯的生物降解性。无定形聚酯相对容易被生物降解。由二氢葡萄糖醇和二氯皮脂酰合成的聚酯具有最高的生物可降解性。电镜观察发现，埋在堆肥土壤中的聚酯同时被霉菌和细菌降解。以三种不同的糖酸内酯为原料，与l -赖氨酸衍生的二异氰酸酯聚合，合成了主链上含有内酯环的聚氨酯。这些聚酯在弱酸性条件下水解缓慢，但在中性或弱碱性条件下相对较快。以聚乙二醇或聚丙烯乙二醇为原料，以甲基d -葡糖醛酸-6,3-内酯为二醇组分，制备聚醚-聚氨酯水凝胶。详细研究了5(6)-羧基荧光素和8-苯胺-1-萘磺酸镁在水凝胶中的释放。

1. Synthesis of polyesters from 1,4 : 3,6-dianhydrohexitols and their biodegradabilityPolyesters were synthesized by polycondensations of three stereoisomeric 1,4 : 3,6-dianhydrohexitols and four different aliphatic dicarboxylic acid chlorides. Biodegradability of these polyesters was examined by hydrolysis in neutral phosphate buffer, degradation in activated sludge, and burial test in composted soil. Amorphous polyesters were relatively easily biodegraded. Polyester derived from dianhydroglucitol and sebacoyl dichloride showed the highest biodegradability. Electron microscopy revealed that polyesters buried in composted soil were biodegraded by both mold fungi and bacteria.2. Synthesis of polyurethanes from saccharic acid lactones and their hydrolytic degradabilityPolyurethanes containing lactone rings in the main chains were synthesized by polyadditions of three different saccharic acid lactones with the diisocyanate derived from L-lysine. These polyesters underwent hydrolysis, slowly under weakly acidic conditions, but relatively rapidly under neutral or weakly alkaline conditions. Poly (ether-urethane) hydrogels were prepared by using polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol in combination with methyl D-glucofuranosidurono-6,3-lactone as the diol components. Release of 5 (6)-carboxyfluorescein and magnesium 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate from these hydrgogels was investigated in detail.