Development of percutaneous right heart assist system by using axial flow pump

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Right ventricular (RV) function is a limiting facotr to maintain systemic circulation for circulatory assist. There is, however, no easy way to institute RV assist, such as an intraarterial axial flow pump (Hemopump) for left heart assist. In this reseatch, new RV assist system by intravenous use of an axial flow pump was developed and its feasibility and hemodynamic effect was examined. A pump system was developed with an outflow cannula and an impeller which were newly designed for intravenousm insertion with a driving system of Hemopump. The pump system characteristics using goat blood of hematocrit at 26% indicated that maximum flow at a pressure differential against 40 mmHg is 3.2 1/min at a pump speed of 28,000 rpm. The pump was tested in adult goats by intravenous insertion through a 14 mm low porosity graft anastomosed to the infrarenal inferior vena cava. The pump was advances unitil the tip of cannula was positioned at the main pulmonary artery by using a balloon catheter duidance under fluoroscopy. In animal experiments, pump insertion was performaed without complications. In chronic studies using adult goats for up to 48 hours, levels of plasma hemoglobin and platelet counts were acceptable and no prominent daamage was foung in heart tissues. Based on this study, an axial flow pump positioned in the right heart introduced through an intravenous approach is practicable and affords adequate assist for right heart.