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Comparative study on urban problems in the industrial city

工业城市城市问题比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
06610172
负责人：
MARUYAMA Sadami
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
KUMAMOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06610172/
关键词：
POLLTION MINAMATA DISEASE LOCAL COMMUNITY INDUSTRIAL CITY 地域権力構造

项目摘要

The City of Minamata grew along with the expantion of Chisso. This meant that Chisso exerted much influence on the structual element of the local community, that is to say that Minamata served as a model city "under the domain of industry". Their large consumption of resources enabled them to bear a lot of weight in the community. Accordingly, their share in underlying city finances was also quite large noting. Chisso amouted for 49% of the city total revenue from civil taxs in 1960. By propping up this tax revenue structure, Chisso latently exerted a great deal of influence on munincipal policy decision making and execution.Chisso seized contorol of the munincipal mechanism in this way, and in other areas was trying to foment the belief in the local residents that they shared a "mutual destiny" with the corporation by talking of a "Minamata of Chisso". The question however remains, when viewed from a different angle, of just how Chisso, who sat comfortably in a seat of supremacy over the local community - a position they acquired by undermining local democratic institutions - could resultantly be so irresponsible for treating their industrial effluents. How could they dare to make the environment their own personal propery? How could they dare to destroy this environment? And finaly, how could they dare cause the outbreak of the Minamata Disease? From a period well before the disease surface, Chisso was already from their early days inflicting damage on the enviroment through industrial pollution of all sorts such as sea and air pollution, noise pollution and vibrations.

水俣市随着智索的扩张而沿着发展。这意味着，智索对当地社区的结构要素产生了很大的影响，也就是说，水俣是“工业领域”下的模范城市。他们对资源的大量消耗使他们在社会上有很大的分量。因此，他们在基础城市财政中的份额也相当大。1960年，Chisso的民事税收占该市总收入的49%。通过支持这种税收结构，Chisso对市政决策和执行产生了潜在的巨大影响，Chisso通过这种方式控制了市政机制，并在其他地区试图通过谈论“Chisso的水俣”来煽动当地居民相信他们与公司共享“共同的命运”。然而，从另一个角度来看，问题仍然是，Chisso舒适地坐在对当地社区至高无上的位置上--他们通过破坏当地民主制度获得的地位--为什么会对处理他们的工业废水如此不负责任。他们怎么敢把环境当作自己的私人财产？他们怎么敢破坏这里的环境？最后，他们怎么敢引起水患的爆发？早在疾病出现之前，Chisso就已经通过各种工业污染对环境造成了破坏，如海洋和空气污染，噪音污染和振动。