Identification of chromosomes of Chrysanthemum sensu lato in Japan with FISH and GISH

1997年以小麦rDNA探针pTa 71为探针，对日本产野菊花（Chrysanthemum sensu lato）的染色体进行荧光原位杂交（FISH）研究，发现我国分布的四倍体野菊花（D.indicum）、吉氏野菊花（D.yoshinaganthum）和金菊（D.chanetii）在有丝分裂中期的随体染色体上均有rDNA位点。显示rDNA位点的染色体数目在印度石斛和花石斛中为8条，在吉化石斛中为10条，且在种内非常稳定。因此，它们将是分析植物亲缘关系和物种间杂交的一种很有前途的方法。1997年从日本广岛县和山口县采集的二倍体种D.boreale和D.japonicum保存在广岛大学理学部植物染色体与基因库研究室 ...更多信息 rsity。这两个物种的rDNA位点都在随体上，与所研究的四倍体物种相似。显示rDNA位点的染色体数目，北方稻为6条，日本稻为4条。用荧光原位杂交（FISH）技术研究了线菊（Chrythanthemum lineare）、日本菊（C.nipponicum）及其人工杂种的染色体，发现两种菊和一种杂种的rDNA位点均位于随体染色体的随体上，线菊有4个主杂交带和2个次杂交带，日本菊有2个杂交信号，而日本菊有2个杂交信号，两个杂交信号均位于随体染色体的随体上。人工杂种显示4个杂交信号。另一方面，采用全基因组原位杂交技术（GISH）对人工杂种的染色体进行了研究。人工杂种在较大的染色体组上显示出杂交信号，这一染色体组必须来源于线纹隐翅虫，尤其是每条染色体的长短臂末端区域的杂交信号较其它区域的杂交信号更亮。此外，用GISH技术对人工杂种F_1的减数分裂染色体进行了观察，发现了一些二价染色体和易位。少

In 1997 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a rDNA probe, pTa 71 isolated from wheat, was applied to investigate chromosomes of Chrysanthemum sensu lato in Japan.Tetraploid species, D.indicum, D.yoshinaganthum and D.chanetii which was distributed in China commonly showed rDNA site at the satellite of the sat-chromosome at mitotic metaphase. The numbers of chromosomes displaying rDNA site were eight in D.indicum and D.chanetti, and ten in D.yoshinaganthum, and were very stable within each species. Thus, they must be the promising method to analyze their phylogenetical relationship and hybridization among species. Moreover, the nembers of rDNA sites of certain chromosomes at interphase and mitotic prophase corresponded with that at mitotic metaphase in all species.Diploid species, D.boreale and D.japonicum were collected from Hiroshima and Yamaguchi Prefectures in 1997, and were conserved in the Laboratory of plant Chromosome and Gene Stock, Faculty of Science, Hiroshima Unive … More rsity. These two species showed rDNA site at the satellite like the tetraploid species studied. The numbers of chromosomes displaying rDNA site were six in D.boreale and four in D.japonicum. These results contributed to verify the phenomenon of introgressive hybridization between the two species studied.Chromosomes of Chrythanthemum lineare, C.nipponicum and their artificial hybrid were also investigated by FISH.Two species and one hybrid commonly showed rDNA site at the satellite of the sat-chromosome ; C.lineare showed four major and two miner hybridization sugnals ; C.nipponicum showed two hybridization signals ; and artificial hybrid showed four hybridization signals. On the other hand, total genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) with total genomic DNA of C.lineare was performed to investigate chromosomes of artificial hybrid. Artificial hybrid showed hybridization signal on larger chromosome set which must be orgin ated from C.lineare, especially, hybridization signals at the terminal regions of the long and short arms of each chromosomes were brighter than the other region on chromosomes. Moreover, meiotic chromosomes of artificial hybrid F_1 was observed with GISH,and some bivalent chromosomes and translocations were observed. Less