Analyzes on the Composition of Traditional Space using Schema Grammar

用图式语法分析传统空间的构成

• 批准号: 06650676
• 负责人: AOKI Yoshitsugu
• 金额: $ 1.54万
• 依托单位: TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06650676/
• 关键词: Scgena grammar; Deep structure; Composition of space; Traditional architecture; Ancient city plan; MACHIYA; CHASITSU; MINKA; 人工知能; スキーマ・グラマ-; 空間記述

The consept of the schema grammar, in which a set of schema rules represents regularities hidden in the architectural space, is proposed. The schema as a conceptual image is transfigured by rules, and finally becomes an architectural space. By constructing the grammar, it is possible to understand and invisible structure of space.For confirming effectiveness of the grammar, we attempt to obtain a grammar of the ancient city plans in China and Japan. The grammar have been derived from the ideal concepts of universe in the ancient time. Comparing the rules and the production processes, we can show the distinctions of ideal concepts on cities in both countries.MACHIYA is a typical residence in Japanese pre-modern city. We analyze 87 first-floor plans of MACHIYA with the concept of schema grammar. Each rule of the grammar expresses not only a spatial relation between rooms but also a cultural meaning. The grammar reproduces 73 plans, and the plan generating process which shows the differen … More ce of spatial order of rooms. Some set of rules are applicable only to MACHIYA constructed after mid-18c. These facts show the possibility of the schema grammar such that we can argue a meaning of spatial relation of architectural space.CHASHITSU,tea ceremony room is a typical Japanese traditional architectural space. We analyzed 57 floor plans of small types of CHASHITSU that was called KOMA or SOUAN-FUU.The first rule (the initial schema) expresses a relationship between a host and guests which is also a spirits of tea ceremony. Another part of rules regulates a spatial order and direction from TOKO,a high position in space to NIJIRIGUCHI,an entrance of guests. Using the schema grammar, we find some aspects of characteristics of CHASHITSU.The construction of the schema grammar is not simple. For this difficulty, we propose a new language system named "Spatial Allocation Language (SAL)" as a simple methd for describing architectural plans. Described architectural plan by SAL is a symbol string and can be analyzed by computer. When a schema grammar and a string representing a plan are given, we can know whether the grammar generates the plan or not by a parsing algorithm proposed here. By using the computer, we can find easily find the schema rules.MINKA is a name of Japanese traditional folk house. We analyzed 113 plans of MINKA built in the northern area of Japan. We can find a schema grammar using a computer. We also find facts such that the difference of application of rules corresponds to difference of district. Less

提出了图式语法的概念，即用一组图式规则来表示隐藏在建筑空间中的规则。图式作为一种概念意象，通过规则进行变形，最终成为建筑空间。通过构建语法，可以理解和隐形空间的结构。为了验证语法的有效性，我们试图获得中国和日本古代城市规划的语法。语法是从古代的理想宇宙概念衍生出来的。通过规则和生产过程的比较，我们可以看出两国在城市理想理念上的差异。我们用图式语法的概念分析了玛奇亚的87个一楼平面图。每条语法规则不仅表达了房间之间的空间关系，也表达了一种文化意义。该语法再现了73个计划，以及显示不同…的计划生成过程更多的是房间的空间秩序。一些规则只适用于18世纪中期以后建造的马奇亚。这些事实表明了图式语法的可能性，从而可以论证建筑空间的空间关系的意义。茶道是典型的日本传统建筑空间。我们分析了57个被称为KOMA或SOUAN-FUU的小型茶室的平面图。第一个规则(初始模式)表达了一种主人和客人之间的关系，也是一种茶道精神。规则的另一部分规定了从Toko到NIJIRIGUCHI的空间顺序和方向，Toko是太空中的一个高位置，NIJIRIGUCHI是客人的入口。运用图式语法，我们发现了汉语图式语法的一些特点。图式语法的构建并不简单。针对这一困难，我们提出了一种新的语言系统--“空间分配语言(SAL)”，作为描述建筑平面图的一种简单方法。用SAL描述的建筑平面图是一个符号串，可以由计算机进行分析。当给定一个模式文法和一个表示计划的字符串时，我们可以通过本文提出的解析算法知道该文法是否生成计划。通过使用计算机，我们可以很容易地找到图式规则。MINKA是日本传统民居的名字。我们分析了在日本北部地区建造的113个民卡平面图。我们可以用计算机找到图式语法。我们还发现，规则适用的不同对应于地区的不同。较少

项目成果

青木義次: "建築平面記述言語と空間構成解析法" 日本建築学会大会計画系論文報告集. No.494(掲載決定). (1997)

青木义嗣：《建筑平面描述语言与空间构形分析方法》日本建筑学会会议规划论文报告第494号（出版）（1997年）。

柴田 哲司,青木 義次: "新築平面を規定する文法の構成法" 日本建築学会大会学術講演梗概集. E. 1157-1158 (1994)

Tetsushi Shibata、Yoshitsugu Aoki：“定义新建筑平面图的语法构造方法”日本建筑学会会议学术讲座摘要 E. 1157-1158 (1994)。

青木義次: "SALの拡張とSAL表現を求める方法" 日本建築学会大会学術講演梗概集. E-1. 793-794 (1995)

Yoshitsugu Aoki：“SAL 的扩展和寻找 SAL 表达式的方法”日本建筑学会会议记录 E-1（1995 年）。

Y.Aoki: "A method to generate SAL expression from geometric information of plan" Proceeding of the 65th research meeting, Kanto chapter of AIJ. Vol.Planning. 257-260 (1994)

Y.Aoki：“从平面的几何信息生成SAL表达式的方法”第65次研究会议论文集，AIJ关东分会。

青木義次: "建築平面の幾何的情報からSAL表現を求める方法" 日本建築学会関東支部研究報告集. 計画系. 257-260 (1994)

Yoshitsugu Aoki：“根据建筑平面的几何信息确定 SAL 表达式的方法”日本关东分院规划系统研究报告 257-260。