「ポスト冷戦時代に於ける米国の国連平和維持活動政策の変貌:最近の3つの地域紛争を中心にして」

《后冷战时代美国对联合国维和行动政策的转变：聚焦近期三起地区冲突》

• 批准号: 06720053
• 负责人: 吉高神 明
• 金额: $ 0.45万
• 依托单位: Hakodate Otani College
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (A)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06720053/
• 关键词: 国連平和維持活動; 地域紛争; 人道的介入

本研究においては、米ソ冷戦の終結及び米国のヘゲモニ-の動揺という国際的文脈の中で、冷戦時代副次的重要性した持たなかった国連平和維持活動(以下、PKO)が米国の安全保障・外交政策の中でいかなる位置を占めるに至ったのかといった問題を3つの地域紛争を中心に取り上げて考察している。周知の通り、米国がポスト冷戦時代の地域紛争解決のために国連を積極的に活用しようとのスタンスを米国が初めて示したのは、1990年の湾岸戦争においてであった。これ以降、ガリ事務総長の『平和への課題』と米国の積極的コミットメントを背景にしてPKOはその数、規模、予算、任務において飛躍的発展を遂げることになる。クリントン政権でも、"人道的介入"をスローガンにしたソマリア内戦における大規模な軍事行動、旧ユ-ゴスラビア内戦におけるNATOを中心とした強硬姿勢に代表されるように、PKO重視の外交理念は継承されていくように思われた。しかしながら、わずか数年の間にPKOの持つ地域紛争解決能力の持つ限界が徐々に明らかになる一方で、PKO関連経費が飛躍的に増大し、米国人要員の犠牲者の数も増加するという諸事情により、米国はPKO任務半ばのソマリアからの米国部隊を撤退させ、同国会議でも「PKO支出削減法案」が提出されるといった具合に、自らのPKOに対するコミットメントの"選択性"を徐々に明確化していくことになる。これにより、ガリ事務総長の野心的な平和維持構想は大きな修正を余儀無くされるに至るのである。

This study focuses on the importance of the international literature and the importance of the maintenance of national peace and maintenance activities (the following, PKO) in the US Foreign Policy on Security and Security, the position of the United States occupies the most important position in the Foreign Policy of Security and Security. It is well known that in the cold season, the United States and the United States have been actively involved in the active use of the United States and the Gulf Coast in 1990. In the context of the "Peace and Peace Project" of the United States and the United States, the exhibition of the number, size, forecast and calculation of the number, size, calculation, and responsibility of the PKO will be held in order to improve the performance of the exhibition. The war on political affairs, the "humanitarian intervention", the training of large-scale military operations in the civil war, the strong posture of the NATO center in the old railway, and the importance that PKO attaches importance to the concept of foreign affairs. In recent years, the number of important personnel in the United States has increased the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important people in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of important personnel in the United States, the number of In conjunction with the PKO Expenditure reduction Act, the bill proposes that it should be implemented in accordance with the requirements of the PKO Expenditure reduction Act, and that it should be approved by Congress. To maintain the peace and ambition of the chief of staff and the staff of the government, we would like to revise the rest of the plan to make sure that we do not pay attention to the situation.