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Systematics of Leguminosae common to Japan and N.America

日本和北美常见的豆科植物系统学

基本信息

批准号：
07041122
负责人：
OHASHI Hiroyoshi
金额：
$ 12.48万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07041122/
关键词：
Leguminosae North America Japan Taxonomy Comparative morphology Comparative anatomy Molecular phylogeny Chloroplast DNA

项目摘要

I.Field works had been made in U.S.A.from 1 Aug.to 31 Aug.in 1995, from 29 Sep.to 14 Nov.in 1996 and from 28 Sep.to 20 Oct.in 1997. About 3000 herbarium specimens, 150 alcoholic specimens and 100 dried leaf samples for extraction of DNA were collected.II.Herbarium works had been made in U.S.A.from 10 Dec.to 17 Dec.1995 in Harvard University Herbaria and from 3 Dec.to 22 Dec.1997 in Harvard University Herbaria and New York Botanical Garden.III.Results of our researches in this project are summarized below.A.Taxonomic researches : 1. Taxonomic position of Trifidacanthus was clarified by branching system, pollen morphology and leaflet venation (Ohashi et al.1996) . 2. Two North American species of Apios were compared with six Asian species, and two subgenera were recognized in Norht American species distinguished from Asian ones in morphology of flowers, fruits and tubers. 3. Eleven species of North American Lespedeza were distinguished from Asian species in morphology of flowers, fruits … More and seeds. 4. The phylogenetic analysis was done on the temperate legume species, i.e., Cicereae, Trifolieae, and Vicieae, with morphological, palynological, and chemotaxonomical data (Endo and Ohashi 1996,1997a, b).B.Morphological researches : Inflorescence structure of Campylotropis was shown to be a reduced pseudoraceme and the structural relationships with the related genera were clarifited (Nemoto and Ohashi 1996) . 2. Pollen morphology of North American Desmodium was shown to be different from Asian ones in exine stratification. 3. Morphology and variation of cleistogamous flowers and the infrageneric variation were clarified in Lespedeza (Nemoto and Ohashi 1997) . 4. Cotyledon areole was discovered as a new taxonomic character in legume cotyledons (Endo and Ohashi 1998) .C.Molecular phylogenetic researches : 1. The chloroplast rbcL gene showed that subtribe Lespedeziinae and Desmodium of tribe Desmodieae are monophyly and sister to tribe Phaseoleae (Doyle et al. 1997) . 2. The loss of chloroplast rpl2 intron supported the monophyly of most of tribe Desmodieae except subtribe Bryinae, Neocollettia and Phylaciun (Donovan Bailay et al.1997) . 3. The phylogenetic analysis of a non-coding region between trnL and trnF in Lespedeza represented the early diversification between Asia and North America, and it suggests a scenario of only one event of migration between both continents. 4. The degree of sequence divergence of the ono-coding region between trnL and trnF was larger in woody disjunct species pairs of Cladrastis, Wisteria than herbaceous Lespedeza and Amphicarpaea. Less

I.实地工作是在美国进行的，从1995年 Sep.to 31、 1996年Nov.in 29和 1997年 Oct.in Sep.toAug.in Aug.to Dec.to研究收集了约3000份植物标本、150份酒精标本和100份用于DNA提取的干叶标本。II.植物标本工作已在美国完成，1995年12月17日在哈佛大学植物标本馆，Dec.to通过分枝系统、花粉形态和小叶脉序，阐明了Trifidacanthus的分类地位（Ohashi et al.1996）。2.将Apios的2个北美种与6个亚洲种进行了比较，并在花、果实和块茎的形态上将北美种与亚洲种区分为2个亚属。3.北美胡枝子属11种植物在花、果形态上与亚洲胡枝子属不同 ...更多信息和种子。4.对温带豆科植物进行了系统发育分析，形态学研究：Campylotropis的花序结构为退化的假总状花序，并阐明了其与近缘属的结构关系（Nemoto and Ohashi 1996）。2.结果表明，北美山蚂蝗属植物花粉外壁层积形态与亚洲山蚂蝗属植物花粉外壁层积形态不同。3.胡枝子属闭花受精花的形态和变异以及属内变异已被阐明（Nemoto and Ohashi 1997）。4.子叶小孔是在豆科植物子叶中发现的一个新的分类学特征（Endo and Ohashi 1998）。叶绿体rbcL基因表明，山蚂蝗族的胡枝子亚族和山蚂蝗属与菜豆族是单系姐妹属（Doyle et al. 1997）。2.叶绿体rpl2内含子的丢失支持了除真藓亚科、新刺蛾属和叶藓亚族之外的大多数山蚂蝗族的单系性（Donovan Bailay et al.1997）。3.胡枝子trnL和trnF之间的非编码区的系统发育分析代表了亚洲和北美之间的早期多样化，它表明两大洲之间只有一个迁移事件的情况。4. trnL和trnF之间的非编码区序列的分歧程度较大的木本分离种对的Cladrastis，紫藤比草本胡枝子和Amphalipaea。少