Studies on speciation of Asian schistosomes

亚洲血吸虫形态研究

• 批准号: 07041120
• 负责人: AGATSUMA Takeshi
• 金额: $ 10.05万
• 依托单位: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07041120/
• 关键词: S.japonicum; S.mekongi; S.malaynsis; S.sinensium; PCR; COI; ITS2; speciation; phylogenetic tree; 染色体C-バンド; キアズマ; 染色体核型

Asian schistosomes appear to fall into several phylogenetic groups. One of these includes Schistosoma japonicum, S.mekongi, and S.malaynsis which appear closely related to one another. The placement of S.sinensium is still debaded. It seems to possess some characteristics intermediate between S.japonicum and S.mansoni (Greer et al., 1989). S.spindale seems closest to Afrian species (Barker & Blair, 1996), and perhaps most similar to S.bovis. Very different snail hosts are used by the different parasites, Oncomelania (S.japonicum), Neotricula (S.mekongi), Robertsiella (S.malaynsis), Tricula (S.sinensium), Indoplanorbis (S.spindale), and Lymnea (S.incognitum). Schistosoma host specificities are extremely high. The present study was done to examine evolutionay relationships among some of Asian and African species of Schistosoma using mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (ITS 2) DNA.It was found that S.mekongi and S.malaynsis were sisters to S.japonicum, based on DNA sequences. Our data also indicate that the S.sinensium ITS2 region contains two deletions, each shared with S.japonicum and S.mansoni. S.sinensium was placed at the base of the S.japonicum group. This fact strongly suggests that S.sinencium could be an ancestal species of S.japonicum. Recently, we were able to obtain S.incognitum from Jakarta, Indonesia, and to amplify the COI and ITS2 region. Basedn the computor analysis using Neighbor joining and UPGMA method, it was found that this blood fluke differs in many base pair sites from the other Asian blood flukes, and belongs to African blood flukes like S.mansoni or S.haematobium. This suggests that this parasite is of African origin and has migrated to Asia very recently (within last 100 thousands years).

亚洲血吸虫似乎分为几个系统发育类群。其中之一包括日本血吸虫、湄公河血吸虫和马来血吸虫，它们似乎彼此密切相关。 S.sinensium 的位置仍然存在争议。它似乎具有介于 S.japonicum 和 S.mansoni 之间的一些特征（Greer 等，1989）。 S.spindale 似乎最接近非洲物种（Barker & Blair，1996），并且可能与 S.bovis 最相似。不同的寄生虫所使用的蜗牛宿主非常不同，钉螺 (S.japonicum)、新网螺 (S.mekongi)、罗贝氏螺 (S.malaynsis)、Tricula (S.sinensium)、Indoplanorbis (S.spindale) 和 Lymnea (S.incognitum)。血吸虫宿主特异性极高。本研究利用线粒体 (COI) 和核 (ITS 2) DNA 来研究一些亚洲和非洲血吸虫物种之间的进化关系。根据 DNA 序列，发现湄公河血吸虫和马来血吸虫是日本血吸虫的姐妹。我们的数据还表明，S.sinensium ITS2 区域包含两个缺失，每个缺失都与 S.japonicum 和 S.mansoni 共享。 S.sinensium 位于 S.japonicum 组的基部。这一事实强烈表明 S.sinencium 可能是 S.japonicum 的祖先种。最近，我们从印度尼西亚雅加达获得了 S.incognitum，并放大了 COI 和 ITS2 区域。通过Neighbor join和UPGMA方法进行计算机分析，发现该血吸虫与其他亚洲血吸虫在许多碱基对位点上存在差异，属于非洲血吸虫，如S.mansoni或S.haematobium。这表明这种寄生虫起源于非洲，最近（在过去 10 万年内）迁移到了亚洲。

项目成果

Hirata et al.: "Invivo and invitro cellular response to schistosoma japonicum eggs" Parasite Immunology. 18. 431-438 (1996)

Hirata 等人：“对日本血吸虫卵的体内和体外细胞反应”寄生虫免疫学。

D.Blair, T.Agatsuma, Zhi-Biao: Advances in Parasitology Academic Press (in press). Paragonimus Review, (1997)

D.Blair、T.Agatsuma、志彪：寄生虫学学术出版社进展（出版中）。

Taguchi et al.: "Comparative chromosomal studies of Neotricula aperta,the snail host of Schistosoma mekougi" Journal for Medical and Applied Malacology. (in press). (1997)

Taguchi 等人：“血吸虫蜗牛宿主 Neotricula aperta 的比较染色体研究”医学与应用软体学杂志。

David Blair,Takeshi Agatsuma: "Paragonimus Review,Advances in Parasitology" Academic Press (in press), (1997)

David Blair，Takeshi Agatsuma：“并殖吸虫评论，寄生虫学进展”学术出版社（正在印刷中），（1997）

David Blair et al.: "Relationships between Schistosoma malayeusis and other Asian schistosomes deduced from DNA sequences" Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology. (in press). (1997)

David Blair 等人：“从 DNA 序列推断出马来血吸虫与其他亚洲血吸虫之间的关系”分子与生化寄生虫学。