Molecular studies on incubation behavior and the application

目前市售白来航鸡不表现出孵化行为，但日本地方品系鸡和火鸡仍表现出孵化行为。因此，在这些禽类中，孵化行为降低了肉蛋的生产率，给禽业造成了很大的经济损失。因此，本研究的目的是揭示孵化行为的分子机制，并为消除这些禽类的孵化行为奠定基础。火鸡和岐阜鸡仍表现出孵化行为。在繁殖周期中，血浆催乳素(PRL)和垂体PRL mRNA水平在孵化期呈上升趋势，但在产蛋期水平较低。通过对垂体细胞的灌流培养和细胞培养，我们证明了血管活性肠肽能诱导…合成和释放催乳素。更多的RY腺体通过阵营瀑布。克隆了鸡血管活性肠肽受体mRNA3个亚型，发现表现孵化行为的察伯鸡和不表达孵化行为的白来航鸡在脑内PRL受体mRNA的分布上没有显著差异。此外，在察波母鸡的繁殖周期中，脑组织PRL受体的mRNA水平没有发生变化。研究了初出雏鸡的去势对孵化行为的影响。下窝24小时的母鸡再次表现出孵化行为，而下窝72小时的母鸡则不再表现出孵化行为。雏鸡离巢24小时和72小时后，血浆催乳素水平均下降。结果表明，其它因素可能对孵化行为的维持有调节作用。火鸡和鸡体内注射VIP抗体后，血浆催乳素水平明显降低，孵化行为受到抑制。较少

Now commercial White Leghorn strain chicken dose not express incubation behavior, but Japanese native strain chicken and turkey hens still express incubation behavior. Therefore, in these birds, the incubation behavior lowers productivity of meat and egg laying, causing a lot of economic loss in poulty industries. Therefore, the poupose of present study is to reveal molecular mechanism of the incubation behavior and to establish the application for the removal of incubation behavior of these birds.Turkey and Gifu-jidori hens still express incubation behavior. During the reproductive cycle in these birds, levels of plasma prolactin (PRL) and pituitary PRL mRNA increased during the incubation period but these levels were low in the laying period. These results suggest that PRL may regulate induction and maintaining of incubation behavior.Using perifusion culture of the pituitary and cell culture of pituitary cells, we demonstrated that VIP induces PRL synthesis and release in the pituita … More ry gland via cAMP cascade. We cloned chicken VIP receptor mRNA.There were no significant difference in the distribution of brain PRL receptor mRNA between chabohen displaying expression of incubation behavior and White Leghorn hens without expression of incubation behavior. In addition, during reproductive cycle in chabo hen the levels of brain PRL receptor mRNA did not change.Effects of remobal of newly hatched chicks on incubation behavior were studied in the chabo hens. Those hens whose chicks were removed from the nest for 24 hr displayd again incubation behavior but those hens whose chicks were removed from the nest for 72 hr did not show incubation behavior again. The plasma levels of PRL decreased in all hens whose chicks were removed from the nest for 24 and 72hr. This results suggested that other factor may regulate the maintain of incubation behavior.The administrations of VIP antibody into turkey and chicken hens markedly reduced plasma levels of PRL and inhibited incubation behavior. Less