Molecular studies on incubation behavior and the application

目前，商品白色来航鸡已不表现出孵化行为，而日本地方品种鸡和产蛋鸡仍表现出孵化行为。因此，这些禽类的孵化行为降低了产肉率和产蛋率，给养禽业造成了巨大的经济损失。因此，本研究的目的是揭示鸡的孵化行为的分子机制，并为消除鸡的孵化行为提供应用。在这些鸟的生殖周期，血浆催乳素（PRL）和垂体PRL mRNA水平的增加，在孵化期，但这些水平在产蛋期低。本实验采用垂体灌流培养和垂体细胞培养的方法，证明VIP可诱导垂体合成和释放PRL，并能维持垂体的孵化行为 关于我们 ry腺通过cAMP级联。本研究克隆了鸡VIP受体mRNA，结果表明，表现孵卵行为的夏波母鸡和不表现孵卵行为的白色来航母鸡脑PRL受体mRNA的分布无显著差异。此外，在繁殖周期中，查伯母鸡脑PRL受体mRNA水平没有变化。雏鸡离巢24 h的母鸡再次表现出孵化行为，而雏鸡离巢72 h的母鸡没有再次表现出孵化行为。雏鸡离巢24和72小时后，血浆PRL水平均下降。提示其他因素可能也参与了孵化行为的维持，VIP抗体能显著降低火鸡和母鸡血浆PRL水平，抑制孵化行为。少

Now commercial White Leghorn strain chicken dose not express incubation behavior, but Japanese native strain chicken and turkey hens still express incubation behavior. Therefore, in these birds, the incubation behavior lowers productivity of meat and egg laying, causing a lot of economic loss in poulty industries. Therefore, the poupose of present study is to reveal molecular mechanism of the incubation behavior and to establish the application for the removal of incubation behavior of these birds.Turkey and Gifu-jidori hens still express incubation behavior. During the reproductive cycle in these birds, levels of plasma prolactin (PRL) and pituitary PRL mRNA increased during the incubation period but these levels were low in the laying period. These results suggest that PRL may regulate induction and maintaining of incubation behavior.Using perifusion culture of the pituitary and cell culture of pituitary cells, we demonstrated that VIP induces PRL synthesis and release in the pituita … More ry gland via cAMP cascade. We cloned chicken VIP receptor mRNA.There were no significant difference in the distribution of brain PRL receptor mRNA between chabohen displaying expression of incubation behavior and White Leghorn hens without expression of incubation behavior. In addition, during reproductive cycle in chabo hen the levels of brain PRL receptor mRNA did not change.Effects of remobal of newly hatched chicks on incubation behavior were studied in the chabo hens. Those hens whose chicks were removed from the nest for 24 hr displayd again incubation behavior but those hens whose chicks were removed from the nest for 72 hr did not show incubation behavior again. The plasma levels of PRL decreased in all hens whose chicks were removed from the nest for 24 and 72hr. This results suggested that other factor may regulate the maintain of incubation behavior.The administrations of VIP antibody into turkey and chicken hens markedly reduced plasma levels of PRL and inhibited incubation behavior. Less