Saccade control during reading

以扫视和注视为指标，对日语文本阅读过程进行了实验研究。在阅读过程中，我们通过精确控制眼球运动来理解文本的含义。实验发现，在阅读过程中存在两种眼球运动，即扫视和注视。眼跳在眼球运动中具有快速的加速和停止阶段。此外，扫视与阅读过程中如何确定下一个注视点密切相关。什么样的参数控制跳频的大小。扫视幅度是有意（或自动）计算的，还是取决于文本的结构？本研究旨在探讨被试在面对不同结构文本时的扫视和注视行为。结果表明：(1)注视时间随文本结构的变化而变化，注视时间随文本结构的变化而变化，尤其是语义信息的变化。此外，眼跳的变化还取决于语言和混合汉字（仅平假名）文本属性的差异。(2)扫视与纵向、横向阅读等阅读方向无关。(3)最佳观看位置（OVP）在英语和法语中都有，在日语中也有。OVP行为中的扫视控制表明，眼睛在阅读单个单词时自动检测到最佳位置。研究表明，在阅读过程中，扫视控制以多种方式影响阅读。

Reading processes of Japanese text were investigated experimentally using saccade and fixation as the indices. During text reading we understand a meaning of the text using precise control of the eye movements. Two kinds of eye movements, i.e., saccade and fixation, have been experimentally found during reading. Saccade has quick acceleration and stopping phase in eye movements. Further, saccade has close connection with the issue on how to determine next fixation locus during reading. What kind of parameter controls the magnitude of saccade. Is saccade magnitude computed intentionally (or automatically) or does it depend on structure of the text? The purpose of the present research was to investigate saccade and fixation behavior when the subject presented texts having variety of text structure. Following results are obtained :(1) Saccade is likely not to change depending on the text structure while fixation time depends on structure, especially on semantic information. Further, saccade has found to change depending on difference of language and kanji-mixed (and hirakana only) text properties.(2) Saccade appears independent of reading direction such as vertical and horizontal reading.(3) Optimal Viewing Position (OVP), previously observed in English and French, was also observed in Japanese. Saccade control during OVP behavior showed the eyes automatically detected optimal position during reading a single word. The study showed saccade control has influences during reading in various ways.