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Studies on mating structure and kin selection in a subsocial spider mite by the use of molecular and quantitative genetic methods.

利用分子和定量遗传方法研究亚社会红蜘蛛的交配结构和亲缘选择。

基本信息

批准号：
07454209
负责人：
SAITO Yutaka
金额：
$ 5.06万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

First we conducted a field survey for Schizotetranychus miscanthi Saito in the districts along the Japan Sea, Honsyu Island. For the specimens collected from 18 populations, male aggressiveness was experimentally evaluated. Minimum daily temperature at each district was obtained from AMEDAS data, then the relationship between male aggressiveness and temperature was analyzed. Significant and positive correlation between male aggressiveness and the minimum temperature during winter was obtained. From the analysis on the effect of snow cover, it was re-proved that the winter temperature which may directly affect overwintering probability of the spider mite males (which may reflect the relatedness of males) is an important factor to explain the clinal variation in male aggressiveness of S.miscanthi.Inbreeding experiment for 6 lineages selected from the Shimane population revealed that there is inbreeding depression on female reproductivity. However, there is no such depression in the survival rate of immatures. Because the depression is thought to be a result of heterosis at the grand parent stage, the mating structure of the population tested is thought to be under somewhat inbreeding conditioins.Extraction of DNA was greatly advanced by the use of chitinase. By the use of this new method, much variation in the length of DNA fragment was detected by using PCR method. This finding may enhance the estimation of the relatedness among interacting males in the fields.

首先，我们在日本海沿着的本州岛进行了米氏裂爪螨的实地调查。从18个种群采集标本，雄性攻击性进行了实验评估。利用AMEDAS数据获取各区日最低气温，分析雄性攻击性与气温的关系。雄虫的攻击性与冬季最低气温呈显著正相关。通过对积雪影响的分析，再次证明了冬季温度是影响南方红蜘蛛雄性越冬概率的一个重要因素，它可能直接影响雄性的越冬概率（这可能反映了雄性的亲缘关系）。然而，在未成熟的存活率方面没有这种抑郁症。由于不育系的衰退是由于在祖父母阶段杂种优势的结果，因此认为供试群体的交配结构处于一定程度的近交状态。用这种新方法，可以用PCR方法检测到DNA片段长度的许多变异。这一发现可能会提高相互作用的男性在该领域之间的相关性的估计。