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Study onstructure and function of micro-arthropoda community by system approach.

微型节肢动物群落结构与功能的系统方法研究

基本信息

批准号：
17370005
负责人：
SAITO Yutaka
金额：
$ 9.81万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17370005/
关键词：
Biology Behavioral ecology Evolution Animal Community Spider mites Phytoseiidae Stigmaeidae

项目摘要

On gramineous plants, it has been know that there is complex plant mite fauna. Especially, on Sasa bamboo in Hokkaido region, 9 species of spider mites and 7 species of predacious mites were sympatrically distributed. Why there is so much diversified fauna in this plant may concern the structure and function of community. Then we have studied on the plant-inhabiting mite fauna on Sasa in relation to the other gramineous plant species, such as the species of the genera Sasa, Phyllostachys, Bamusa and Miscanthus.We have discovered in this research program: There was much variation in physiological adaptation, i.e. diapauses of several spider mites inhabiting Sasa and Miscanthus. How vary genetically the mites inhabiting Miscanthus in the wild populations was observed and we have detected inbreeding depression of female fecundity by genetic factors retained in natural populations. Furthermore, we have established a molecular phylogeny hypothesis of Stigmaeopsis. Then we knew that there wa … More s a speciation through host-plant shift. We have observed much variation in male-male interactions in Stigmaeopsis species on Sasa and Miscanthus. We have developed a new game model to explain its variation as well as the conditions under which symbiotic relationships between species evolves. We have learned that there are communal relationships in a social spider mite, Stigmaeopsis longus. There are special nest sanitation behaviors in Stigmaeopsis mites. We have discovered that this behavior was controlled by chemical communication systems. We have studied on anti-predator behaviors of several mite species inhabiting Sasa, then we have known that tactile crypsis against non-visual predators exists in the spider mite, Aponychus corpuzae. In addition, we have discovered that scattering nests of Stigmaeopsis species function as a hindering strategy to decrease predation risk. Lastly, we have developed a system model that can simulate two different plant systems each having a single specific pest mite and a common predator species that can prey both prey species in these two plant systems. The model could predict that both the prey-predator systems can be stabilized by the predator immigration/emigration rates. Less

在禾本科植物上，已知有复杂的植物螨类区系。特别是在北海道地区的麻竹上，共分布有9种叶螨和7种捕食螨。该植物区系如此丰富多样，可能与群落的结构和功能有关。在此基础上，我们对麻竹上的植物螨类区系与麻竹属、刚竹属、竹节竹属、芒草属等禾本科植物的关系进行了研究，发现麻竹和芒草上的几种叶螨在生理适应上有很大的差异，即滞育。观察了芒螨在野生种群中的遗传变异情况，并发现自然种群中保留的遗传因子对雌性生殖力的近交抑制作用。此外，我们还建立了一个Stigmaeopsis的分子系统发育假说。然后我们知道 ...更多信息这是一种通过寄主植物转移的物种形成。我们已经观察到许多雄-雄相互作用在Sasa和芒草Stigmaeopsis物种。我们开发了一个新的博弈模型来解释它的变化以及物种之间共生关系演变的条件。我们已经了解到，在一种社会性的叶螨，长点叶螨中存在着群落关系。拟点叶螨具有特殊的巢卫生行为。我们发现这种行为是由化学通讯系统控制的。本文通过对几种常见螨类的反捕食行为的研究，了解到拟无爪螨对非视觉捕食者的触觉隐藏作用。此外，我们还发现，分散巢的Stigmaeopsis物种的功能作为一种阻碍策略，以降低捕食风险。最后，我们已经开发了一个系统模型，可以模拟两个不同的植物系统，每个系统有一个特定的害虫螨和一个共同的捕食者物种，可以在这两个植物系统中捕食猎物物种。该模型可以预测，两个捕食系统可以稳定的捕食者的移民/移民率。少