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Molecular Biological Analysis of Ripening Characteristics in Chinese Pear

梨成熟特性的分子生物学分析

基本信息

批准号：
07456019
负责人：
NAKAMURA Reiosuke
金额：
$ 4.54万
依托单位：
Okayama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07456019/
关键词：
Ripening ethylene ACC synthase gene ACC oxidase gene Chinese pear Climacteric fruit Non-climacteric fruit ナシ果実成熟エチレン生成エチレン生成系遺伝子果実流通特性

项目摘要

Table pear fruit consist of Chinese pear, European pear and Japanese pear. Based on ripening ethylene biosynthesis, Chinese and European pear fruit are classified to Climacteric fruit, while Japanese pear fruit belongs to Non-climacteric fruit. We have found that several cultivars in Chinese pear must be grouped to Non-climacteric fruit, as they produce no ethylene at ripening stage.Present our research was supposed to investigate ripening characteristics in Chinese using recently developed molecular biological approach, which leads to substantial difference between climacteric and non-climacteric fruit.1.The cDNAs that encode the rate limiting enzymes, ACC synthase and ACC oxidase, in ethylene biosynthesis in plant were cloned from 3 cultivars in Chinese pear and each one cultivar in European and Japanese pear by RT-PCR method. In total, 13 ACC synthase genes and 9 ACC oxidase genes were obtained. ACC synthase genes and ACC oxidase genes were grouped to 4 categories and 2 categories respectively by the phylogenetic analysis in deduced amino acid sequence.2.The expression of two ACC synthase genes was detected in only climacteric cultivars at ripening stage by Northern blot analysis, while ACC oxidase gene expression accelerated with fruit ripening in any cultivars except 'Hong Lee'.3.The mRNA accumulation of two ACC oxidase and two ACC synthase genes that was not detected with fruit ripening were commonly observed in response to wounding in fruit tissue in any cultivars.4.Our results suggest that 2 ACC synthase genes specifically expressed on ripening fruit determine ripening ethylene in pear fruit, in other words the difference between climacteric fruit and non-climacteric fruit.

食用梨分为中国梨、欧洲梨和日本梨。根据成熟乙烯的生物合成，中国和欧洲梨属跃变型果实，而日本梨属非跃变型果实。本研究利用分子生物学技术对中国梨果实成熟特性进行了研究，发现中国梨果实成熟过程中不产生乙烯，属于非跃变型果实，因此本研究从分子生物学角度对中国梨果实成熟特性进行了研究，发现跃变型果实与非跃变型果实的成熟特性存在显著差异。用RT-PCR方法从中国3个梨品种和欧洲、日本梨品种中克隆了乙烯生物合成酶基因。共获得13个ACC合酶基因和9个ACC氧化酶基因。根据推导的氨基酸序列进行系统发育分析，将ACC合酶基因和ACC氧化酶基因分别归为4类和2类。2.通过北方杂交分析，发现这两个ACC合酶基因仅在跃变型品种成熟期表达。而ACC氧化酶基因的表达则随着果实成熟而加快，但‘红李’除外。ACC合成酶基因在果实成熟过程中未被检测到，但在果实组织中却普遍存在。4.我们的研究结果表明，在梨果实成熟过程中特异表达的2个ACC合成酶基因决定了梨果实的乙烯成熟，也就是跃变型果实和非跃变型果实的乙烯成熟差异。