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Gene regulation of superoxide dismutase genes and plat breeding for environmental stress tolerance

超氧化物歧化酶基因的基因调控及耐环境胁迫的植物育种

基本信息

批准号：
07456150
负责人：
TANAKA Kunisuke
金额：
$ 5.12万
依托单位：
Kyoto Prefectural University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07456150/
关键词：
rice environmental stess tolerant plant breeding superoxide dismutase plastidic oxygen stress active oxygen ascorbate peroxidase glutathione raductase アスコルビン酸パーオキシダーゼ酵素ストレス

项目摘要

To clarify the mechanisms of gene regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes in plant is the aim of this project. Results are expected useful for plant breeding of environmental stress tolerant plants. Through fulfillment of this project it became to understand the totally controlled gene regulation mechanisms of SODィイD2sィエD2. The research was extended to the isolations and analyses of genes that are tightly linked to the detoxification of active oxygen molecules cooperating with SODィイD2sィエD2.Rice plastidic Cu/Zn SOD cDNA was structurally analyzed and the gene regulation was also investigated this year. Although isolation of monocotyledonous plastidic Cu/Zn SOD cDNA from maize has been extensively tried in the USA, the isolation is still unsuccessful.Monocotyledonous plastidic Cu/Zn SOD cDNA was first isolated in this study from rice and the part of the regulation mechanisms of this gene was clarified. Gene regulation of rice plastidic Cu/Zn SOD gene is strictly regulated by light as mRNA of this gene is expressed at the very short time after light illumination. This is why this type of cDNAs has been difficult to isolate. All SOD molecules expected, ascorbate peroxidases, and glutathione reductase genes are now available. The gene regulations for the active oxygen scavenging enzymes will be totally understandable by the future investigations of this area.

阐明植物体内超氧化物歧化酶基因调控的机制是本课题的目的。本研究结果可望为耐环境胁迫植物的育种提供参考。通过本项目的实践，对超氧化物歧化酶、ィイ、D2S、ィエ、D2的基因调控机制有了深入的了解。本研究进一步分离和分析了与ィイ、D2S、ィエ、D2协同作用的与活性氧分子解毒密切相关的基因。从玉米中分离单子叶可塑性铜/锌超氧化物歧化酶基因在美国已有广泛尝试，但仍未成功。本研究首次从水稻中分离到单子叶可塑性铜/锌超氧化物歧化酶基因，并阐明了该基因的部分调控机制。水稻质型铜锌超氧化物歧化酶基因的基因调控受到光的严格调控，因为该基因的mRNA在光照后很短的时间内就有表达。这就是为什么这种类型的cDNA很难分离出来。所有预期的SOD分子，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶基因现在都是可用的。活性氧清除酶的基因调控将在未来这一领域的研究中完全被理解。