聴覚の発達段階における内耳電気刺激の影響と可塑性

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Auditory hair cell regeneration after acoustic trauma and development of neural network were studied in chick for understanding auditory plasticity mechanism. It was found that the supporting cells devided and deferentiated into new hair cells immediately after the destruction of hair cells caused by the intense noise exposure (Umemoto et al, Cell & Tissue Res 1995). The basic FGF was related to the proliferation of the supporting cells. The role of cell adhesion molecules such as NCAM-H and gicerine on the process of auditory nerual development were then studied in the chick. It was suggested that NCAM-H specifically regurated the afferent nerve fiber's growth and synaptogenesis with hair cells during inner ear development (Kajikawa et al, Hearing Res 1997). The gicerin was associated with cell proliferation in the auditory epithelium, and playd a role in neurite extension of the acousitc ganglion cells in conjunction with neurite outgrowth factor (Kajikawa et al, J Neurocytol 1997). Auditory plasticity was also studied in human subjects who received the cochlear implant. Congenitally deafned or pre-lingualistically deafned children demonstrated an excellent auditory ability after two to three years auditory-verbal habilitation (Kubo and Iwaki, Pediatric Otolaryngol 1997).