Application of health and physical fitness test for middle and old aged people

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To evaluate the distribution pattern of subcutaneous fat and muscle 679 male and 950 female Japanese volunteers were investigated by means of ultrasonic tomography. In comparing a resisdent in a city (Tokyo) to the country (farmer in Yamagata) the arm muscle of a farmer thicker than that of a cityman, while the thigh muscle was lower in farmer. Muscle thickness is related to its cross-sectional area and the muscle area is affected by the activation level in daily physical exercise, the present data indicates that the farmer may have a little chance for contracting the muscle of lower extremity compared to the resident in the city.Generally speaking, the thigh muscle act as the main muscle for locomotion such as walking, up/down the stars and running. It was interesting to note that contrary to our expectations, the farmer developed a small muscle in lower extremity, which may be caused by a small quantity of physical activities performed by leg muscles in farm work due to mechanization of agriculture.