Applications of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing to Analysis and Prevention of Water-Related Disasters in Urban Areas

地理信息系统和遥感在城市水害分析和预防中的应用

• 批准号: 07458086
• 负责人: TAKARA Kaoru
• 金额: $ 0.7万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07458086/
• 关键词: Digital map; Spatial resolution; Hydrological database; Land cover classification; Flood forecasting; Urban storm drainage; Flood refuge simulation; Urban catchment area; GIS; リモートセンシング; 氾濫解析; 水害ポテンシャル; 降雨流出モデル

l)Using simulation images degraded from remote sensing images acquired in the Shonai River basin, Takara and Oka have quantitatively investigated the effects of spatial resolution on land cover classification accuracy, a vegetation index NDVI and evapotranspiration estimates based on NDVI.Takara also has constructed a distributed flood runoff model for the Yada River basin and investigated the performance of the model with regard to spatial resolutions of 50m and 250m based on a 50-m digital elevation model as well as parameter values, which were obtained on the basis of a l0-m land use map and remote sensing images.2)Oka, Takara and Chikamori have made datasets of river stage and precipitation in the Ogura experimental basin. Conducting detailed surveying through topographical maps, aerial photographs and site visiting, they also have made datasets for geographic information such as rivers, artificial drainage channels, pipe lines for water supply and sewage, roads, delineation of lan … More d use and contour lines, with GIS.3)Nakakita has made datasets for precipitations in Kinki and Kyushu acquired radar raingage systems. Investigating a one-year sequence of spatial rainfall distribution acquired at five-minute intervals by the Kunimisan Radar Raingage System in Kyushu, he has found out a strong linear relationship between rainfall and topography (elevation) and proposed a stochastic model of rainfall distribution.4)Hori has integrated a GIS with a computer model, which can simulate the changing process of inhabitants' attitude on flood disaster due to their experience and time passage. The model is applied to a historical flood event in Nagasaki.5)For urban storm drainage, Chikamori has proposed a method of optimal operation of pumping systems based on the predicted water stage at pumping stations.6)Introducing the GPV (Grid Point Value), which is numerically forecasted by the Japanese Meteorological Agency, and the AMeDAS information into GIS,Oishi has developed the qualitative cumulus model using a qualitative reasoning technique to simulate or forecast severe rainfall at local scale. Less

l)利用庄内川流域遥感图像降质的模拟图像，Takara和Oka定量研究了空间分辨率对土地覆盖分类精度、植被指数NDVI和基于NDVI的蒸散量估计的影响。Takara还构建了矢田河流域分布式洪水径流模型，并研究了该模型在空间分辨率 50m和250m基于50米数字高程模型以及根据10米土地利用图和遥感影像获得的参数值。2）Oka、Takara和Chikamori制作了小仓实验流域的河流水位和降水数据集。通过地形图、航拍照片和实地考察进行详细测量，他们还利用GIS制作了河流、人工排水渠道、供水和污水管道、道路、局域网划定和等高线等地理信息数据集。3）中北利用雷达雨量系统制作了近畿和九州降水数据集。他通过研究九州国见山雷达雨量系统每隔五分钟获得的一年空间降雨分布序列，发现降雨量与地形（海拔）之间存在很强的线性关系，并提出了降雨分布的随机模型。4）Hori将GIS与计算机模型相结合，可以模拟居民对洪水灾害的态度因经验和时间推移而变化的过程。该模型应用于长崎的一次历史洪水事件。5）对于城市暴雨排水，Chikamori 提出了一种基于泵站水位预测的泵系统优化运行方法。6）将日本气象厅数值预测的 GPV（网格点值）和 AMeDAS 信息引入 GIS，Oishi 使用 模拟或预报局部范围强降雨的定性推理技术。较少的

项目成果

K.Takara: "Application of remote sensing and GIS to research on disasters caused by floods and sedimentation" Proc.of WDFGM-1996, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, August 21-23. 23-37 (1996)

K.Takara：“应用遥感和 GIS 研究洪水和沉积造成的灾害”Proc.of WDFGM-1996，印度尼西亚日惹，8 月 21-23 日。

H.Chikamori, K.Takara, T.Oka and N.Esaki: "Evaluation of urbanization in a small basin by land cover classification using Landsat TM digital data" HydroGIS '96 : Application of Geographic Information Systems in Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Po

H.Chikamori、K.Takara、T.Oka 和 N.Esaki：“使用 Landsat TM 数字数据通过土地覆盖分类评估小流域的城市化” HydroGIS 96：地理信息系统在水文和水资源管理中的应用，

児島 利治: "リモートセンシング画像の空間分解能と土地被覆分類精度の関係-4種の画像と低分解能アルゴリズムを用いて" 日本リモートセンシング学会誌. 45-5. 23-37 (1996)

Toshiharu Kojima：“遥感图像的空间分辨率与土地覆盖分类精度之间的关系 - 使用四种类型的图像和低分辨率算法”日本遥感学会杂志 45-37（1996）。

大久保 豪: "都市流域における洪水流出モデル構築へのGISの応用" 土木学会平成9年度関西支部年次学術講演会講演概要. (発表予定). (1997)

Go Okubo：“GIS 在构建城市流域洪水径流模型中的应用”日本土木工程学会 1997 年关西分会学术年会摘要（待提交）（1997 年）。

Hidetaka Chikamori: "Evaluation of Urbanization in a Small Basin by Land Cover Classification Using Landsat TM Digital Data" HydroGIS '96, Austria, April 16-19. 60-67 (1996)

Hidetaka Chikamori：“使用 Landsat TM 数字数据对小盆地的城市化进行土地覆盖分类评估”HydroGIS 96，奥地利，4 月 16 日至 19 日。