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Research on new paradigms to test patients with brain damage in the association cortices.

研究测试联合皮质脑损伤患者的新范例。

基本信息

批准号：
07558293
负责人：
MIKAMI Akichika
金额：
$ 0.96万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07558293/
关键词：
human subjects monkey The association cerebral cortices brain injury visual cognition Memory attention Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 大脳皮質連合脳障害

项目摘要

The objective of this research is to introduce new paradigms to test patients with brain damage in the association cortices. Paradigms were designed based on the results of animal experiments using monkeys. Since invasive techniques are impossible for human subjects, the functions of the association cortices have been studied in detail in monkeys. In these 25 years, data of such experiment were accumulated. It is now possible to refer such results to disign paradigms for human subjects. Five paradigms were introduced. (1) Simple visual reaching task : With pressing a button, a target cue was presented and a subject touched that target location. (2) Visual delayd reaching task : With pressing a button, a cue stimulus was presented for 1s. Then, after 5s of delay period, target stimuli appeared at all 8 locations. Subject's task is to select and touch the position where the cue stimulus was presented. (3) Attention shift task : With pressing a button two stimuli were presented. One stimulus is positive and the other is negative. The subject's task is to select positive stimulus. After 5 successive correct trials, the other stimulus became positive. After next 5 successive correct trials, a new stimulus set was introduced and reversal of this set was tested. and this process was repeated. (4) Oddity task : With pressing a button, eight stimuli were presented (7 same and 1 different stimuli) and a subject was asked to select different stimulus. (5) Delayd Matching to Sample task : With pressing a button, sample stimulus presented for 1s. After 5s of delay period, 8 stimuli were presented. The subject was asked to select the same stimulus as the sample stimulus. Using these paradigms, it became possible to test the functions of the association cortices more accurately.

本研究的目的是引入新的范式来测试联合皮质中的脑损伤患者。实验范式是根据猴子的动物实验结果设计的。由于侵入性技术对人类受试者来说是不可能的，因此对猴子的联合皮质的功能进行了详细的研究。在这25年里，积累了这样的实验数据。现在，可以将这些结果用于设计人类受试者的范例。介绍了五种范式。(1)简单视觉触达任务：按下按钮，出现目标提示，受试者触摸目标位置。(2)视觉延迟到达任务：按下一个按钮，提示刺激呈现1s。然后，在5s的延迟期后，靶刺激出现在所有8个位置。受试者的任务是选择和触摸呈现线索刺激的位置。(3)注意转移任务：按下一个按钮，呈现两个刺激。一种刺激是积极的，另一种是消极的。受试者的任务是选择积极的刺激。在连续5次正确试验后，另一刺激转为阳性。在接下来的5次连续正确试验后，引入一个新的刺激集合，并测试该集合的反转。这个过程被重复了。(4)怪异任务：按下一个按钮，呈现8个刺激(7个相同刺激，1个不同刺激)，并要求被试选择不同的刺激。(5)与样本任务的延迟匹配：按下一个按钮，样本刺激呈现1秒。延迟期5s后，出现8个刺激。受试者被要求选择与样本刺激相同的刺激。使用这些范例，有可能更准确地测试联合皮质的功能。