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CHARACTERISTICS OF ATTENTION IN DEPTH

深度关注的特征

基本信息

批准号：
07610076
负责人：
MIURA Toshiaki
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07610076/
关键词：
ATTENTION THREE DIMENSIONAL SPACE VISUAL ATTENTION DEPTH PERCEPTION BEFORE AND AFTER EFFECTS OF ATTENTION CAR NAVIGATION TRAFFIC SAFETY

项目摘要

In the present study, shift of visual attention in depth (different distance) was examined in observer moving condition. No previous research like this was performed in spite of the importance.The results clearly showed that reaction time of nearer targets are shorter than that of farther targets in all conditions. This supports viewer centered representation of three dimensional space. Concerning direction of shift (switching) of attention, reaction time of shift of attention from far location to near location is shorter than the reverse. This is called "rubber band metaphor of attention" (asymmetrical viewer centered mode of attentional shift). The difference is largest in high speed moving condition, and almost no difference is found in stationary condition These results are reasonable for drivers' safety and ecologically valid. Further underlying mechanism and applicable suggestions are discussed from a viewpoint of safety. One of the suggestions is that visual displays such as visual navigation display in vehicles are not suitable for drivers from a viewpoint of safety. This is because poorer performance was found in switching of attention from near location to far location.Succeeding the above research results, the effect of in car navigation system on attention to forward visual information was examined by a stationary simulator using three dimensional slides. The task of subjects was to detect dangerous changes in traffic situations before, while and after observing navigation system. The reaction time was measured. It was found that the deterioration rate was at least 0.71, and also that the deterioration begins at least one second before observing a navigation and the deterioration effect persist two seconds after the observation.

在本研究中，研究了观察者移动条件下视觉注意力深度（不同距离）的转移。尽管如此重要，但之前还没有进行过这样的研究。结果清楚地表明，在所有条件下，较近目标的反应时间都比较远目标的反应时间短。这支持以观看者为中心的三维空间表示。关于注意力转移（切换）的方向，注意力从远处转移到近处的反应时间比相反的要短。这被称为“注意力的橡皮筋隐喻”（不对称的以观看者为中心的注意力转移模式）。在高速移动条件下差异最大，在静止条件下几乎没有发现差异。这些结果对于驾驶员的安全是合理的，并且在生态上是有效的。从安全的角度讨论了进一步的底层机制和适用建议。其中一项建议是，从安全角度来看，视觉显示器（例如车辆中的视觉导航显示器）不适合驾驶员。这是因为注意力从近处到远处的切换表现较差。继上述研究结果之后，通过使用三维幻灯片的固定模拟器检验了汽车导航系统对前方视觉信息注意力的影响。受试者的任务是在观察导航系统之前、期间和之后检测交通状况的危险变化。测量反应时间。发现劣化率至少为0.71，并且在观察导航之前至少1秒开始劣化，并且在观察2秒后劣化效果持续。