An Empirical study of the Change of Industrial Society and Organizational Evolution

为了探讨社会变革与组织变革之间的关系，我们首先分析了行业层面的变量和组织层面的变量。在行业层面，我们注意到工业增长，这是根据属于该行业的机构数量的增长来衡量的。在组织层面上，类似地，我们注意到组织的规模是根据属于该行业的每个机构的平均雇员人数来衡量的。我们根据日本企业普查的结果制作了工业增长和组织规模的图表。从1951年到1986年，除采矿业外，大多数行业的企业数量都在持续增长，我们没有发现任何行业达到饱和的证据。然而，有一种趋势是，组织的平均规模应该随着行业的发展而缩小。这意味着，在大多数情况下，日本的工业增长是随着效率的提高和行政资源在各组织之间的分散而实现的，而不是通过寡头垄断

In order to investigate the relationship between societal change and organizational change, we started with analysis of variables on industry level and variables on organizational level. On industry level, we noticed the industrial growth which is measured in terms of the growth of numbers of establishments belonging to the industry. On organizational level, similarly, we noticed the size of organization which is measured in terms of the mean number of employees per one establishment belonging to the industry.We made graphs of industrial growth and organizational size from the results of Establishment Census of Japan. From 1951 to 1986, most industries, except for mining, show continuous growth in numbers of establishment and we find no evidence of saturation of each industry. There is, however, some tendency that mean size of organizations should decrease as their industry grows. It implies that industrial growth in Japan was undergone with the increase of efficiency and dispersion of administrative resources among organizations, not by oligopoly, in most cases