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Change and Continuity of Legitimacy in Postwar Japanese Political System

战后日本政治制度合法性的变迁与延续

基本信息

批准号：
07620066
负责人：
TANAKA Aiji
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Aoyama Gakuin University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research focused on Japanese public attitudes toward the political system as well as party system of postwar Japan. This research tested the phypothesis that Japanese voters supported the LDP leading government not because they supported the LDP itself but because they supported Japanese political system as a whole. In other words, the "1955 Party System" of postwar Japan (55-nen Taisei) was maintained by the electorate because Japanese public supported the basic political system of postwar Japan under which the "1955 Party System" (i.e., the LDP dominant party system) was operated.To test this hypothesis, I examined Japanese public opinion survey data from the 1950s through the 1995, and found the following findings. After the end of World War II,Japanese public became supportive of the postwar democratic system regardless of which party they support in the 1950s and early 1960s. Then, after the high growth period, Japanese public was increasingly accepting the LDP dominant party system. However, they basically accepted the polotocal system as a whole, but all of them did not necessary support the LDP itself.In the same token, while the Liberal Democratic Party's dominance in Japanese political system ended in July 1993, the public attitudes toward the political system stayd the same and Japanese public did not choose the LDP but chose the coalition government which maintained the same political system.

本研究主要探讨日本民众对战后日本政治制度及政党制度的态度。这项研究验证了日本选民支持自民党领导的政府不是因为他们支持自民党本身，而是因为他们支持日本整个政治制度的假设。换句话说，战后日本的“1955年政党制度”（55-nen Taisei）之所以得到选民的支持，是因为日本公众支持战后日本的基本政治制度，在这种制度下，“1955年政党制度”（即，为了验证这一假设，笔者对50年代至1995年的日本舆论调查数据进行了分析，发现了以下几点。第二次世界大战结束后，日本民众在20世纪50年代和60年代初开始支持战后民主制度，无论他们支持哪个政党。在经历了高速增长期后，日本民众对自民党主导的政党体制的接受程度不断提高。同样，虽然1993年7月自民党在日本政治体制中的主导地位结束，但日本民众对政治体制的态度没有变化，日本民众没有选择自民党，而是选择了维持政治体制的联合政府。