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Research on Political Trust and Political System Support in Japan

日本政治信任与政治制度支持研究

基本信息

批准号：
13620107
负责人：
TANAKA Aiji
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13620107/
关键词：
Political distrust Political System Support Political Attitudes Public Opinion Data Analysis Generation Gap System Support システム・サポート政治システム social capital 人間関係資本

项目摘要

This research aimed to examine attitudes of the ordinary Japanese voters toward Japan's political system by analyzing the public opinion survey data and the aggregated election data. This research analyzed those data from 1970s to the early 2000s, and tried to detect causal factors to generate system support attitudes among Japanese.Those data sets utilized for this research were (1) JABISS data 1976, (2) JES data 1983, (3) JES II data 1993, (4) JEDS96 data 1996, (5) JDES2000 data 2000, (3) JSS2001 data 2001.The major findings of this research are following three points. First, the general political trust of the Japanese public was originally relatively low (about 40%), but its level sharply went down (down to 11.1%) from 1996 to 2000. The level of the Japanese political trust has not quite come back to the original level, even after Prime Minister Koizumi gained extremely high popularity from spring to autumn 2001.Second, the Japanese public attitudes toward democratic institutions, such as election system, the Diet, and political parties, were very supportive in the 1970s through the middle of the 1990s (about 70% to 80%). However, these supportive attitudes toward democratic institutions (namely, democratic system support) also sharply declined (down to 25 to 30%), but they did not come back to the original level even in autumn 2001.Third, we found generational difference in political trust through our cohort analyses, but we did not find any generational effects on Japanese attitudes toward democratic institutions (system support).

这项研究旨在通过分析民意调查数据和汇总的选举数据来考察日本普通选民对日本政治制度的态度。本研究分析了20世纪70年代至21世纪初日本人的系统支持态度，并试图找出日本人系统支持态度产生的原因。本研究使用的数据集是(1)JABISS 1976年数据，(2)JES数据1983，(3)JES II数据1993，(4)JEDS96数据1996，(5)JDES2000数据2000，(3)JSS2001数据2001。首先，日本公众的普遍政治信任度原本较低(约40%)，但从1996年到2000年，其水平急剧下降(降至11.1%)。日本的政治信任度还没有完全恢复到原来的水平，甚至在2001年春秋小泉首相获得极高民望之后。第二，日本公众对选举制度、国会和政党等民主制度的态度在20世纪70年代至90年代中期非常支持(约70%至80%)。然而，这些对民主制度的支持态度(即民主制度支持)也急剧下降(降至25%至30%)，但即使在2001年秋季也没有恢复到原来的水平。第三，我们通过队列分析发现政治信任的代际差异，但我们没有发现任何代际影响日本人对民主制度(制度支持)的态度。