权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Comparative Study in Social-economical Control of Soil & Groundwater Pollution

土壤社会经济控制比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
07630027
负责人：
YOSHIDA Fumikazu
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Groundwater pollution nationwide should be recognized as the out-come of a variety of forms of geo-pollution.Although groundwater pollution has, according to some reports, been on the wane in recent years, this is not so. In the urban areas especially, it shows no signs of decreasing.This paper, first of all, classifies the instances of geo-pollution that have been recognizably caused by organic solvents, bothh by regions and by industrial segments.The paper summarizes the newest discoveries about the harmfulness of chlorinated organic compounds, and makes clear four significant features that must be taken into account in any clean-up of geo-pollution. The author has investigated the present situation and the points at issue for the clean-up on both nationwide and local scales, and shows that, especially in the nationwide investigation, institutional problems have not yet been resolved : "Who is responsible for clean-up? ", "Who has to pay the cost of the clean-up? ", and so on. A further problem is whether or not the landowner should bear any responsiblity for the clean-up. On the positive side, the author introduces and analyzes the policy of advanced pollution abatement, adopted for example, by the Groundwater Clean-up Ordinance (Japanese type-Superfund) of Hadano is Kanagawa Pref., and the system developed by Chiba Pref., where the Pref.government gives both technical and financial assistance to the investigation of the pollution mechanism, and other features. In conclusion, while recognizing both the importance of geo-pollution and the significance of its clean-up, the author emphasizes the necessity for a policy which integrates the issues of groundwater and soil pollution as well as their clean-up.

全国地下水污染应被视为多种地质污染形式的产物，虽然据报道，近年来地下水污染有所减少，但事实并非如此。本文首先对有机溶剂引起的地质污染按地区和工业部门进行了分类，总结了有机氯化合物危害性的最新发现，提出了地质污染治理必须考虑的四个重要特征。笔者对全国和地方两级清理工作的现状和存在的问题进行了调查，结果表明，特别是在全国范围内的清理工作中，还存在着“谁来清理？“，“谁必须支付清理费用？“，等等。另一个问题是，土地业权人应否承担清理工作的责任。在积极的方面，作者介绍和分析了先进的污染治理政策，例如，神奈川县的波多野县的地下水净化条例（日本式-超级基金），以及由千叶县开发的系统，在这种情况下，省政府为调查污染机制和其他特征提供技术和财政援助。最后，在认识到地质污染的重要性及其清理的意义的同时，作者强调了将地下水和土壤污染问题与其清理相结合的政策的必要性。