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Histological and physiological investigation on the occurrence of sterility in the reproductine process of crop plants.

作物繁殖过程中不育发生的组织学和生理学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
07660023
负责人：
YAMAZAKI Koou
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Agriculture
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07660023/
关键词：
rice development low temperature floral impotency degeneration stamen histochemistry nitrogen fertilizer

项目摘要

The study was conducted to clarify the processes of the "floral impotency type damage due to cool-summer" of paddy rice, by applying the histochemical techniques which have rarely been used on the problem.1.The characteristics of nine stages involved in the stamen development of rice plants were examined and described hitochemically. A method to identify non-destructively the nine stages mentioned above was elaborated for the used cv.by measuring the distance of auricles of the uppermost two leaves.2.The flolet and stamen development of the plants treated by low temperature was compared with the one grown under normal conditions. Degenerated florets and empty glumes occurred abundantly by low temperature treatment. The development of these abnormal florets were examined histochemically, and four abnormal types of development were described, among which two types were found newly in this research.3.The same histochemical observation was conducted on the plants grown with more nitrogen fertilizers, which is thought to increase the low temperature damage. The occurrence of degenerated florets and empty glumes were more abundant by the low temperature treatment than the plants with normally fertilized. By more application of nitrogen, the floral abnormality of polysaccharide-accumulation type increased, suggesting high nitrogen content may play a role in changing the carbohydrate metabolism of the plants, which might bring the floral abnormality.

采用组织化学方法，对水稻“花性阳萎型凉夏损伤”的发生过程进行了研究。研究了水稻雄蕊发育的9个阶段的特征，并对其进行了体细胞化学描述。阐述了一种对废cv进行上述九个阶段无损鉴别的方法。通过测量最上面两片叶子的耳廓之间的距离。对低温处理植株的小花和雄蕊发育进行了比较。低温处理使小花大量退化，空颖片大量出现。对这些异常小花的发育进行了组织化学检查，描述了4种发育异常类型，其中2种是本研究新发现的。在施用较多氮肥的植株上进行了相同的组织化学观察，认为氮肥增加了低温损害。与正常施肥植株相比，低温处理植株的小花退化和空颖花的数量更多。随着施氮量的增加，多糖积累型花的异常增加，表明高氮含量可能改变了植物的碳水化合物代谢，从而导致花的异常。