New development of computer assisted operation for functional reconstructive surgery after cancer resectio

利用三维曲线形状测量系统(Voxelan、标准型和宽型)和专门为三维图像设计的软件程序(3D-Sphinx)，对数字化三维面形的精度和如何分析三维图像进行了基础研究。Voxelan标准型野外测量范围为250x235×200 mm，宽型为370×347×300 mm。三维数据的平均平方误差在平板上评估，标准型为0.387像素(n=54466)，宽型为0.411像素(n=76800)。用旋转平板评定空间角度的平均误差为0.538±0.45度(n=1584)。在临床上，1)测量鼻侧壁鼻斜度的空间角度，2)利用左右面部图像的叠加图像进行面部形态分析，3)面部…使用面部标志物的三维坐标进行更多的移动分析。1)对同一受试者重复测量鼻斜角5次，标准型鼻侧壁左侧57.5±/-0.5度，右侧59.0±0.6度，左侧57.9±/-5.6度，右侧58.2±-1.2度。鼻型分析对鼻骨骨折后鼻偏曲有一定的指导意义。2)应用叠加图像分析技术对上颌窦癌术后面颊缺损进行评估，并计算其深度和表面积。3)三维坐标分析有助于利用游离肌瓣重建听神经瘤切除术后面神经麻痹的口部运动，证实计算机辅助的术前评估对恶性肿瘤切除术后功能性重建手术是非常有用的。较少

We performed basic researches on the accuracy of digitized three-dimensional surface shape and how to analyze three-dimensional images using the three-dimensional curve shape measurement system (Voxelan, standard type and wide type) and a software program specially designed for three-dimensional images (3D-Sphinx). The standard type of Voxelan can measure 250x235x200mm in field and the wide type 370x347x300mm.The mean error squared of three-dimensional data was evaluated using a flat board and was 0.387 pixel (n=54466) in the standard type and 0.411 pixel (n=76800) in the wide type. The mean error of spatial angle was evaluated using a rotated flat board and was 0.538 +/- 0.45 degree (n=1584). The mean error squared of surface area was calculated using squared paper of 1 cm and was 0.115 cm^2.Clinically we performed 1) measurement of spatial angle of nasal slope in lateral nasal wall, 2) facial morphological analysis using superimposed images of right and left facial images and 3) faci … More al movement analysis using three-dimensional coordinates of facial landmarks. 1) The accuracy of angle of nasal slope was measured repeatedly 5 times in a same volunteer and were 57.5 +/- 0.5 degree on the left side of lateral nasal wall and 59.0 +/- 0.6 degree on the right side using the standard type and 57.9 +/- 5.6 degree on the left side and 58.2 +/- 1.2 degree on the right side. The nasal shape analysis was useful for deviated nose after nasal bone fracture. 2) The superimposed image analysis was useful for the evalation of the cheek defect after maxillary sinus cancer and the depth and the surface area to be reconstructed was calculated. 3) The analysis of three-dimensional coordinates was useful for the facial nerve paralysis after an acoustic tumor resection to be reconstructed on the movement of mouth using free muscle flap.We conformed that computer assisted pre-operative evaluation was extremely useful for the fuctional reconstructive surgery after malignant tumor resection. Less