权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Functions of Melanogenesis-Related Genes by Chemical and Biochemical Methods

通过化学和生化方法研究黑素生成相关基因的功能

基本信息

批准号：
07670971
负责人：
ITO Shosuke
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Fujita Health University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07670971/
关键词：
Eumelanin Pheomelanin Melanogenesis HPLC Spectrophotometric Method Hair Wool メラニンメラノサイトチロシナーゼ

项目摘要

Mammalian melanins exist in two chemically distinctforms : the brown to black eumelanins and the yellow to reddish pheomelanins. Melanogenesis is influenced by a number of genes, the levels of whose products determine the quantity and quality of the melanins produced. To examine the effects of various coat-color genes on the chemical properties of melanins synthesized in the follicular melanocytes of mice, we have introduced new methods to solubilize differentially pheomelanins and brown -type eumelanins. We applied these and previously developed HPLC and spectrophotometric methods for assaying eu- and pheomelanins to characterize melanins in various mutant mice : black, lethal yellow, viable yellow, agouti, brown, light, albino, dilute, recessive yellow, pink-eyed dilution, slaty, and silver. It was demonstrated that 1) complete solubilization of melanins in Soluene-350 is a convenient method to estimate the total amount of eu- and pheomelanins, 2) lethal yellow, viable yellow, and recessive yellow hairs contain almost pure pheomelanins, and 3) melanins from brown, light, silver, and pink-eyed black hairs share chemical properties in common that are characterized by partial solubility in strong alkali. We suggest that 1) the brown-type eumelanins have lower degrees of polymerization than the black-type eumelanins, and 2) slaty hair melanin contains a greatly reduced ratio of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid-derived units as compared with black and other eumelanic hair melanins. These results indicate that our methodology, HPLC and spectrophotometric methods combined, may be useful in chemically characterizing melanin pigments produced follicular melanocytes.

哺乳动物的黑色素有两种不同的化学形式：棕色到黑色的真黑素和黄色到红色的褐黑素。黑色素生成受许多基因的影响，其产物的水平决定了所产生的黑色素的数量和质量。为了研究各种毛色基因对小鼠滤泡黑素细胞中合成的黑素的化学性质的影响，我们引入了溶解差异性褐黑素和棕色型真黑素的新方法。我们应用这些和以前开发的HPLC和分光光度法测定欧盟和褐黑素，以表征黑色素在各种突变小鼠：黑色，致命的黄色，可行的黄色，琼脂糖，棕色，光，白化病，稀释，隐性黄色，粉红色眼睛稀释，石板，和银。研究表明：1）Soluene-350中黑色素的完全溶解是估计真黑色素和褐黑色素总量的一种方便方法，2）致命的黄色、存活的黄色和隐性黄色头发含有几乎纯的褐黑色素，以及3）棕色、浅色、银色和粉眼黑色头发中的黑色素具有共同的化学性质，其特征是在强碱中部分溶解。我们认为，1）棕色型真黑素的聚合度低于黑色型真黑素，2）与黑色和其他真黑素相比，板色头发黑色素含有大大减少的5，6-二羟基吲哚-2-羧酸衍生单元的比例。这些结果表明，我们的方法，HPLC和分光光度法相结合，可能是有用的，在化学特性的黑色素产生的滤泡黑素细胞。