STUDY ON THE DURABLE INFLUENCE OF VOLCANIC DISASTER UPON THE COMMUNITY ; IN THE CASE OF THE UNZEN VOLCANIC DISASTER IN 1991

自1991年6月3日以来，云顶火山东坡陆续发生火山碎屑流和泥石流，造成8000多名灾民。难民的持久撤离是在市政府的控制下开始运作的。难民的居住流离失所是为了驱散他们的居住地和改变社区成员。难民的新住所是根据私人住房、市政住房或临时住房以及单独住房或集体住房来划分的。新住宅的种类组成在受灾地区的不同部分之间或多或少是不同的。通过聚类分析发现，该区部分剖面具有相似的成分。构成中的地方性可能是由于地区不同的时间或灾难的程度，以及市政府提供避难所的地点造成的。通过市政府的问卷调查发现，大多数避难所的…更多的ES希望将他们的住所搬到他们受灾前居住的地方附近。然而，他们倾向于离开，以躲避政府的愤怒，无论移动的距离有多远。这种倾向的含义可能是难民优先获得经济援助，因为他们损失了包括房屋在内的大量财产。大约三分之一的难民家庭在疏散期间被解散，以前一起生活在这些家庭中的成员分别生活在两个或两个以上的集群中。解散似乎可能取决于难民家庭和其他普通家庭的年龄组组成，也就是说，解散一般由年迈的父母和未成年子女的赡养控制，并由成年子女的独立推动。然而，在受灾地区的一些地区，难民家庭的解散可能会加速。据估计，在遭受苦难后，离开家庭的人口流动发生了变化，即越来越多的人口流出了他们以前居住的市政当局。较少

Pyroclastic flows and debris flows occured on east-facing slope of Unzen Volcano succesively since after 3rd of June in 1991 brought about more than 8000 disastrous refugees. Durable evacuation of the refugees was come into operation under the control of the municipal governments. Refugees' residential displacement was undertaken to disperse their residence and alter community members. Refugees' new residences were characterized according to private, municipal or temporary housing together with separate or collective housing. Categorical compositions of the new residences were different more or less among respective sections of the suffering area. Resemble composiitions were found among some sections of the area by cluster analysis. The locality in the composiitions might be caused from regionally different time or extent of disastrous sufferings, and locations of refuges furnished by municipal governments. Through the questionnaire by municipal government it was found that most refuge … More es wished to displace their residences near by the places where they had lived before the suffering. However, they tended to remove to refuge fumished by the governments, whatever long moving distances might be. The meaning of this tendency might be that refugees gave priority to financial aids because they lost much property includiing houses.About one third of refugees' households were dissolved during the evacuatio, and members formerly lived together in these households separately lived in two or more clusters. Dissolution seems likely to depend upon composition of age groups in refugees' household as well as in other common household, i.e., dissolution is in general controlled by support of old parents and Childen under age and promoted by independence of grownup children. However, refugees' household dissolution might be accelerated in some sections of the suffering area. It is also estimated that flow of population departing from households changed after the suffering, i.e., increasing population flowed out of the municipality where they had formerly lived. Less