STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE REFUGEES' AREAL DISPERSION UPON THEIR STATUS IN THE COMMUNITY ; IN THE CASE OF THE UNZEN VOLCANIC DISASTER IN 1991

自1991年6月3日以来，云顶火山东坡陆续发生火山碎屑流和泥石流，造成8000多名灾民。难民的持久撤离是在市政府的控制下开始运作的。难民的居住流离失所是为了驱散他们的居住地和改变社区成员。通过向难民发出的调查问卷发现，在遭受灾难性的苦难后，他们与邻里组织的联系发生了变化。苦难过后，他们从郊区搬到了市区，社区意识比苦难前更加薄弱。研究还发现，当难民进入不同的城市地区协会时，他们之间的联系往往会被抛弃。难民以前的村庄被认为是geminschaftlich。难民的地域分散导致他们在新的城市选区协会中相对孤立。

Pyroclastic flows and debris flows occured on east-facing slope of Unzen Volcano succesively since after 3rd of June in 1991 brought about more than 8000 disastrous refugees. Durable evacuation of the refugees was come into operation under the control of the municipal governments. Refugees' residential displacement was then undertaken to disperse their residence and alter community members. Through the questionnaires sent to the refugees it was found that their association with their neighborhood organizations has changed after the disastrous suffering. After the suffering they moved from suburban village to urban districts and community consciousness is weaker than before the suffering. It was also found that association among the refugees tended to be abandoned when they moved into different urban ward associations. The refugees' former village is thought to be gemeinschaftlich. The refugees' areal dispersion results in their relative isolation in their new urban ward associations.