The study of regulation in behavior of newt sperm

蝾螈精子行为调控的研究

• 批准号: 07680802
• 负责人: IWAO Yasuhiro
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: Yamaguchi University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07680802/
• 关键词: Fertilization; Newt; Sperm aster; Microtubule; Polyspermy; Xenopus; Sperm nucleus; Ca ion; 細胞周期; 両生類

The unfertilized egg of the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster, has a second meiotic spindle at the animal pole and numerous cortical cytasters. After physiologically polyspermic fertilization, all sperm nuclei incorporated into the egg develop sperm asters, and the cortical cytasters change into bundles of cortical microtubules. The size of the sperm asters in the animal hemisphere is about 5.6-fold larger than that in the vegetal hemisphere. Only one sperm nucleus moves towards the center of the animal hemisphere to form a zygote nucleus with the egg nucleus. This movement is inhibited by nocodazole, but not by cytochalasin B.The centrosome in the zygote nucleus divides into two parts to form a bipolar spindle for the first cleavage synchronously with the nuclear cycle, but centrosomes of accessory sperm nuclei in the vegetal hemisphere remained to form monopolar interphase asters and subsequently degenerate around the first clevage stage. The size of sperm asters in monospermically fertilized Xenopus eggs was about 37-fold larger than those in Cynops eggs. Since sperm asters that formed in polyspermically fertilized Xenopus eggs exclude each other, the formation of a zygote nucleus is inhibited. Cynops sperm nuclei form larger asters in Xenopous eggs, whereas Xenopus sperm nuclei form smaller asters in Cynops eggs compared with those in homologous eggs. Since there was no significant difference in the concentration of monomeric tubulin between those eggs, the size of sperm asters is probably regulated by a component (s) in egg cytoplasm. Smaller asters in physiologically polyspermic newt eggs might be useful for selecting only one sperm nucleus to move towards the egg nucleus.

蝾螈（Cynops pyrrhogaster）的未受精卵在动物极处有第二个减数分裂纺锤体和许多皮质细胞感受器。生理性多精受精后，所有的精子核进入卵子后都发育成精子星状体，皮层细胞器变成成束的皮层微管。动物半球的精星状体的大小约为植物半球的5.6倍。只有一个精核向动物半球的中心移动，与卵核形成合子核。诺考达唑可抑制这种运动，而细胞松弛素B则不抑制这种运动。受精卵核中心体分裂为两部分，形成双极纺锤体，与核周期同步进行第一次卵裂，而植物半球副精核中心体则保持单极间期星状体，并在第一次卵裂期前后退化。单精子受精爪蟾卵中精子星的大小比Cynops卵中的大约37倍。由于在多精受精的爪蟾卵中形成的精子星彼此排斥，受精卵核的形成受到抑制。Cynops精核形成较大的星状体在非洲爪蟾卵，而非洲爪蟾精核形成较小的星状体在Cynops卵相比，在同源卵。由于这些卵子之间的单体微管蛋白浓度没有显著差异，精子星形细胞的大小可能是由卵细胞质中的一种成分调节的。生理多精蝾螈卵中较小的星状花序可能有助于选择仅一个精子核向卵核移动。

项目成果

Yasuhiro Iwao: "Activatio of Xenopus eggs by RGD-containing peptides accompanied by intracellular Ca^<2+> release" Developmental Biology. 177. 558-567 (1996)

Yasuhiro Iwao：“含RGD的肽伴随细胞内Ca ^ 2 释放激活非洲爪蟾卵”发育生物学。

Yasuhiro Iwao: "Activation of Xenopus eggs by Cynops sperm extract is dependent upon both extra- and intra-cellular Ca Activities" Zoological Science. 12. 573-581 (1995)

Yasuhiro Iwao：“蝾螈精子提取物对非洲爪蟾卵的激活取决于细胞外和细胞内的 Ca 活性”《动物学科学》。

Yasuhiro Iwao: "Activation of newt eggs in the absence of Ca^<2+> activity by treatment with cycloheximide and D O" Develop.,Growth & Differ.37. 641-651 (1995)

Yasuhiro Iwao：“通过放线菌酮和 D O 处理，在缺乏 Ca^<2> 活性的情况下激活蝾螈卵” 发育、生长

Yashiro Iwao: "Activation of Xenopus eggs by Cynops sperm extract is dependent upon both extra- and intra-cellular Ca activities." Zoological Science. 12. 573-581 (1995)

Yashiro Iwao：“蝾螈精子提取物对非洲爪蟾卵的激活取决于细胞外和细胞内的 Ca 活性。”

Yasuhiro Iwao: "Activation of Xenopus eggs by Cynops sperm extract is dependent upon both extra-and intra-cellular Ca Activities" Zoological Science. 12. 573-581 (1995)

Yasuhiro Iwao：“蝾螈精子提取物对非洲爪蟾卵的激活取决于细胞外和细胞内的 Ca 活性”《动物学科学》。