Analysis of the mechanism of neural substrates for song and vocal control system in the forebrain nuclei (HVc.RA.X) in the song bird.

鸣禽前脑核（HVc.RA.X）鸣叫和发声控制系统神经基质机制分析。

• 批准号: 07680881
• 负责人: AOKI Kiyoshi
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: SOPHIA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07680881/
• 关键词: Bengalese finches; Japanese quails; songs; cochlear ducts; syllables; fundamental frequency; crow; testosterone; 蝸牛管; 鋳型; キンカチョウ; distress call

In this study conducted with two graduate students I used adult male Bengalese finches and chicks of Japanese quails. Male birds of age-limited song learning species develop their full song repertoires in the first year of life. For this type of song learner, once song is "crystallized" in adulthood, it is highly stereotyped and stable over time. Traditionally, it has been believed that age-limited song learners do not depend upon auditory feedback for the maintenance of adult song. I surgically deafened adult males by bilateral cochlear removal and recorded song weekly for 20 weeks following the surgery. Results show that song degraded significantly within about 1 week of surgery. Song deficits after deafening included a marked decrease in syllable sequence and stereotype syllables of high fundamental frequency or high frequency modulation within song bouts. Occurrences of new syllables with low fundamental frequency or low frequency modulation within song bouts appeared within 2 weeks of deafening and increased over time. Song of next 10 weeks after deafening kept stable with different pattern from the pre-surgical song of the bird. This indicates that auditory feedback is necessary for song maintenance in Bengalese finches of age-limited song learners.Japanese quail chicks which are socially isolated form other individuals produce distress calls at a high rate. Chronical subcutaneous implantation of testosterone induced the chick crowing which has similar acoustical structural characteristics to male adult crowing. At day 6 after testosterone implantation, the chicks produced the chick crowing similar to adult crow with a trill structure by electrical stimulation. The area in brainstem of chicks that exhibit two different kinds of vocal behavior upon electrical stimulation lies in the medial intercollicular nucleus (ICo). This suggests that the medial ICo of chicks has two different functions, production of distress call and chick crowing.

在这项研究中，我与两名研究生一起使用了成年雄性孟加拉雀和日本鹌鹑的幼雏。雄性鸟类的年龄有限的歌曲学习物种发展其完整的歌曲曲目在第一年的生活。对于这种类型的歌曲学习者来说，一旦歌曲在成年后“结晶”，它就会随着时间的推移而高度定型和稳定。传统上，人们一直认为，年龄有限的歌曲学习者不依赖于听觉反馈的维护成人歌曲。我通过双侧耳蜗切除手术对成年男性进行了手术，并在手术后的20周内每周记录歌曲。结果显示，在手术后约1周内，song显著退化。听歌后的赤字包括显着减少的音节序列和刻板音节的高基频或高频调制的歌曲回合。出现新的音节与低基频或低频率调制的歌曲回合内出现在2周内的震耳欲聋，并随着时间的推移增加。10周后，鸣唱保持稳定，但与术前鸣唱模式不同。这表明，听觉反馈是必要的孟加拉雀的年龄有限的歌曲learners.Japanese鹌鹑小鸡，这是社会孤立的形式，其他个人的歌曲维护生产率很高的求救电话。长期皮下埋植睾丸酮诱发的鸡啼具有与雄鸡相似的声结构特征。睾丸激素植入后第6天，鸡通过电刺激产生类似于成年乌鸦的鸡鸣，具有颤音结构。在鸡脑干中，电刺激时表现两种不同发声行为的区域位于内侧丘间核（ICo）。这表明，雏鸡内侧ICo具有两种不同的功能，即产生求救信号和鸡啼。

项目成果

青木 清: "Stimulation elicits the chick crowing with testosterone in Japanese quail chicks." Zoological Science. 14・2. 180-190 (1997)

Kiyoshi Aoki：“刺激会引发日本鹌鹑雏鸡的抓爪行为。”14・2（1997）。

Kiyoshi Aoki: "Stimulation elicits the chick crowing with testosterone in Japanese quail chicks." Zoological Science. Vol 14.2. 180-190 (1997)

Kiyoshi Aoki：“刺激会引起日本鹌鹑雏鸡体内含有睾酮的啼叫。”

青木 清: "Expression on Fos-like immunoreactivity in the brain of quail chick emitting the isolation-induced distress calls." Neuroscience Letters. 220. 191-194 (1996)

Kiyoshi Aoki：“鹌鹑雏鸡发出隔离引起的求救信号时大脑中 Fos 样免疫反应的表达。神经科学快报”220。191-194（1996）。

青木 清: "Testosterone acts on mesencephalic call region to transform calling patterns in the Japanese quail chick" Proceeding of the 4th IBRO World Congress of Neuroscience. 320-321 (1995)

Kiyoshi Aoki：“睾酮作用于中脑叫声区域，改变日本鹌鹑雏鸡的叫声模式”，第四届 IBRO 世界神经科学大会论文集 320-321（1995 年）。

Kiyoshi Aoki: "Expression of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the brain of quail chick emitting the isolation-induced distress calls." Neuroscience Letters. Vol 220. 191-194 (1996)

Kiyoshi Aoki：“发出隔离引起的求救信号的鹌鹑雏鸡大脑中表达类似 Fos 的免疫反应。”