Development of Nervous System and Modulation of the Calling Behavior by Testosterone in Japanese Quails

本研究旨在阐明日本鹌鹑幼雏和成年雄性鸣叫时神经系统发出求救信号的功能机制，以及睾酮对叫声行为的影响。将少量睾酮直接植入中脑后，雏鸡会发出鸡鸣声，而同样剂量的植入远脑后，雏鸡会发出鸡鸣声。提示睾酮作用于中脑诱导雏鸟鸣叫。在植入睾酮前后，通过电刺激ICo雏鸡发出求救叫声和鸡鸣叫声。这表明产生鸣叫行为的神经系统位于ICo中，睾酮通过其活动调节鸣叫行为。成年雄性通过电刺激ICo发出鸣叫，这表明成年雄性的ICo具有产生鸣叫的神经系统。睾酮结合蛋白存在于ICo神经元的神经膜上，表明睾酮的非基因组作用调节了呼叫行为。

The aim of this study is to clarify the functional mechanism of nervous system for producing distress calls in Japanese quail chicks and crowing in adult males along with the effects of testosterone on calling behaviors.1. Implantation of a small amount of testosterone directly into mesencephalon causes chicks to emit chick crowing, while the same dose of implantation into telencephalon failed. It suggests that testosterone acts on mesencephalon to induce chick crowing.2. By electrical stimulation of the ICo chicks emit distress calls and chick crowing before and after testosterone implantation respectively. This suggests that nervous system for producing calling behavior is in the ICo and testosterone modulates calling behavior as result of its activity.3. Adult males emit crowing by electrical stimulation of the ICo, suggesting that the ICo has the nervous system for producing crowing in adult males.4. Testosterone binding proteins exist on neural membrane of neurons in the ICo, suggesting that non-genomic action of testosterone modulates calling behaviors.