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The comparative study between France, England, Germany, on the function of qualifications in Educational and employment system

法国、英国、德国资格在教育和就业制度中作用的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
09610238
负责人：
FUJII Sachiko
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Utsunomiya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09610238/
关键词：
France education vocational training qualification meritocracy 教育システム経験学習

项目摘要

This study aims to clarify the structure of connection between the social utility of qualifications and characters of educational system in France, England and Germany, also compare this three countries. The result of the study is as follows.1. There are three differences between France and Germany as to job training. First of all, French job training is nationally controlled, while that of Germany has a market directivity. Secondary. the contents of completion examination is almost practical in Germany, on the other hand in France, that includes general culture. The third difference is connection of job education and qualifications. In France, the school type prescribes the level of job education and the qualification level. In Germany, they can take any job training without regard to the school level.The French job training is situated under the corollary of the general education system, while the job training in German is completely separated from general education and this mechanism gives take the inevitability of plural standard of the evaluation of abilities.2. The structural characters of worker's formation and job training is the most important factor of the unification of social competition in the school in France. While in Germany, the competition is plural, for example, the existence of competition in the system of job training, pluralisme of secondary education. These facts seem to restrain meritocracy.3. In Germany and England, the existence of competition as regards the job training at moderate level produces the plural structure of competitions of all in the society. This point particularly differs from the situation in France and Japan.

本研究旨在厘清法国、英国和德国学历的社会效用与教育制度特征之间的关系结构，并对这三个国家进行比较。研究结果如下：1.法国和德国在职业培训方面有三个不同之处。首先，法国的职业培训是国家控制的，而德国的职业培训则具有市场方向性。中学。在德国，结业考试的内容基本上是实用性的，而在法国，结业考试的内容则包括一般文化。第三个区别是职业教育和资格的联系。在法国，学校类型规定了职业教育水平和资格水平。在德国，职业培训不分学历高低，可以参加任何职业培训，法国职业培训属于通识教育体系的必然产物，而德国职业培训与通识教育完全分离，这种机制使得职业培训能力评价标准多元化具有必然性.法国学校社会竞争一体化的最重要因素是学校劳动者形成和职业培训的结构性特征。而在德国，竞争是多元的，如职业培训体系中存在竞争，中等教育的多元化。这些事实似乎限制了精英制度。在德国和英国，中等层次职业培训竞争的存在，形成了社会各阶层竞争的多元结构。这一点与法国和日本的情况特别不同。