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The Comparative Study on the Graduate Degree System between U.S.and Japan

美日研究生学位制度比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
09610237
负责人：
SHIMIZU Kazuhiko
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I have studied on the academic degree system of the American and Japanese graduate schools from the comparative point of view. Main findings of this study are follows.1. Japanese graduate schools were established as a system aiming at successfully completion of the course-work and the examination of thesis or dissertation in post-war educational reform. The system is almost similar to that of U.S., but the practices are fairly different between the two countries.2.In Japan the process for the academic degrees and concrete degree program requirements are decided by individual universities. Although the proper awarding degrees and the maintenance of the high standard are expected, especially in the fields of humanities and social sciences few degrees are awarded and the periods of acquiring degrees are too long. These tendancy is pointed out as a big problem in Japan.3.In recent university reform, we can recognize the fact that university teachers, especially in the fields of humanities or social sciences, began to be conscious and as a whole the process for awarding academic degrees is made more clear and public oral presentation of dissertation can be seen in many universities.4.American graduate schools are systematically designed to deepen students' knowledge of particular fields and broaden their perspectives through a flexible curricular program of electives, independent study, and intensive learning. The objectives of curriculum are fairly accurate. Among these are the current important concerns in Japan about the effective application of academic degree system, public information, and the establishment of evaluation system.

我从比较的角度研究了美国和日本研究生院的学位制度。本研究的主要研究结果如下： 1．日本研究生院是战后教育改革中为了顺利完成课程作业和论文考试而建立的制度。该制度与美国的制度几乎相似，但两国之间的做法有很大不同。2.在日本，学位的授予过程和具体学位课程要求由各个大学决定。虽然授予学位的标准和保持高标准是值得期待的，但特别是在人文社会科学领域，授予学位的数量少，获得学位的时间太长。这些趋势在日本被指出是一个大问题。 3.在最近的大学改革中，我们可以看到，大学教师，特别是人文或社会科学领域的教师，开始有意识地学习，从整体上来说，授予学位的过程更加明确，在许多大学中可以看到公开口头发表论文。 4.美国研究生院的设计是系统化的，通过灵活的教学方式加深学生对特定领域的知识，拓宽他们的视野。选修课、独立学习和强化学习的课程计划。课程目标相当准确。其中，当前日本国内关注的重要问题包括学位制度的有效运用、公共信息公开、评价体系的建立等。