A study of Quality of Life (QOL) in elderly persons with intellectual disabilities : Concept and measurement.

摘要本研究旨在探讨智障长者生活品质（QOL）的概念及测量方法。生活质量的测量采用问卷调查和访谈两种方法。生活质量的定义有很多种。大多数提出的定义都是相似的，因为生活质量的主要组成部分既有客观的，也有主观的。前者包括可观察的行为，如身体健康、心理功能、社会活动的参与和经济状况，而后者则意味着对客观成分的评价。主观成分有时被称为生活满意度、主观幸福感或幸福感。生活质量在这里被定义为对个人生活的安排和干预的多维综合指数，使用主观和客观的量表来衡量。采用智力/认知障碍成人生活质量调查问卷，对智力/认知障碍成人生活质量进行调查。Q和控制。两种仪器之间的生活质量定义存在细微差异，仪器之间的方法和程序也不同。然而，在进一步用于日本人口之前，本研究中使用的仪器可能需要改进。为了确定一些轻度智力老年人的生活质量，我们在一家机构进行了访谈。半结构化的问题涉及他们的日常生活和他们对生活的满意度。首先，参与者在一个小组中接受采访，然后是单独采访。在最低限度的帮助下，参与者可以讲述自己的经历，然后对这些经历进行评估。这个访谈程序提供了关于主观生活质量的有用信息。

The purpose of this study was to examine the concept and measurement of Quality of Life (QOL) in elderly persons with intellectual disabilities. Measurement of QOL was attempted using both questionnaires and interviews.QOL has been defined in many ways. Most definitions proposed are similar in that the main components of QOL are both objective and subjective. The former contains observable behaviors such as physical health, mental functioning, participation in social activities, and economic state, while the latter implies evaluations of the objective component. The subjective component is sometimes referred to as life satisfaction, subjective well-being, or happiness. QOL is defined here as the multidimensional integrative index of the arrangement and intervention of an individual's life, measured using both subjective and objective scales. Two types of questionnaires to measure the QOL of adults with intellectual/cognitive disabilities were examined, the QOL.Q and the ComQol. There were minor differences in the QOL definitions between the two instruments, and the methodology and procedures between the instruments were also different. However, the instruments used in this study may need to be refined before further use on Japanese populations.To determine the QOL of some elderly persons with mild intellectual abilities, interviews in an institution were attempted. Semi-structured questions concerning their everyday life and their satisfaction with their life were asked of the participants in a two-step interview procedure. First, participants were interviewed in a group, and next, individually. With minimal assistance, participants could tell their own experiences and then evaluate those experiences. This interview procedure provided useful information about subjective QOL.