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Europe in Napoleonic Era

拿破仑时代的欧洲

基本信息

批准号：
09610388
负责人：
OKAMOTO Akira
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Hiroshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09610388/
关键词：
Napoleonic Code and it' s Practice Abolition of Serfdom French(Napoleon's) functionaries and Ex-prussian civil servants Munster' s noble Concordat(1801) and Italy Critique of Juridics in Italy of 18th Century Merzi The Republic of Italy ナポ

项目摘要

Europe in Napoleonic eraIn 1997 I researched on two states, the Kingdom of Westphalia and Great Duchy of Berg which Napoleon had established artificially at the north-west of Germany in 1807 with the project to introduce of Napoleonic Code and to abolish the serfdom. So, I found that the German legists assembled often over the boundary of states to discuss on its application, though each state set aside more or less of their fervor.In 1998 I absorbed in the lord' s forced labor, his ground rent, casual dues, the attitude of French rulers in contrast of that of German (ex-prussians) councillors civil servants in Westphalia and Berg toward these issues.It can be summarized that the former is interested in annihilating these lord' s rights while the latter showed somehow prudence or hesitation to do it.Following these preceding researches. I bring in focus in 1999 the consciousness in crisis of these French and German functionaries, who, worked under the apparent collaboration, rivaled over sustaining or suppressing lord's prerogatives. Thus, there were reasons why abolition of servage was but partially executed. I can add to explanation above the fact that Napoleon abandoned his project, because he aimed to stay at the similar position to other European monarchs by marrying his leneage with their prince(ss) ; this policy being acconpanied by primogeniture, he must have given up the practice of his Code. It was the same for the lands possessed by imperial nobles. Those lands were (feudalized). Furthermore, there was no doubt that the smoothy levy of serf' s dues was demanded for the preparation of Conquest of Russia.In the Republic of Italy Napoleonic Code was more easily introduced because of it' s climate of critique of juridics in the 18th Century. There we have civil servant such as Merziwho associated with French reign.

拿破仑时代的欧洲 1997年，我研究了威斯特伐利亚王国和贝尔格大公国这两个国家，这两个国家是拿破仑于1807年在德国西北部人为建立的，旨在推行拿破仑法典并废除农奴制。因此，我发现德国法学家经常越过国家边界聚集在一起讨论其适用问题，尽管每个国家都或多或少地搁置了他们的热情。1998年，我专心研究领主的强迫劳动、地租、临时会费、法国统治者的态度，与威斯特伐利亚和贝尔格的德国（前普鲁士）议员公务员对这些问题的态度形成鲜明对比。可以概括地说，前者有兴趣消灭这些领主。后者则表现出某种谨慎或犹豫的态度。我在 1999 年集中关注了这些法国和德国官员的危机意识，他们在明显的合作下工作，在维持或压制领主的特权方面展开竞争。因此，废除奴役制度只得到部分执行是有原因的。我可以在上面补充解释，拿破仑放弃了他的计划，因为他的目的是通过将他的后裔与他们的王子（ss）联姻来保持与其他欧洲君主相似的地位；这项政策伴随着长子继承权，他一定已经放弃了他的法典的实践。帝国贵族拥有的土地也是如此。这些土地被（封建化）了。此外，毫无疑问，顺利征收农奴税是为征服俄罗斯做准备的要求。在意大利共和国，由于18世纪批判司法的气氛，拿破仑法典更容易引入。那里有像梅尔齐这样与法国统治有关的公务员。