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An Attempt to analyse Metaphor from its new Theories, and German Literature of the 20th Century - from the Point of View of Cognitive Psychology and System Theory

隐喻新理论与20世纪德国文学分析的尝试——从认知心理学和系统论的角度

基本信息

批准号：
09610508
负责人：
TAKAHASHI Yoshifumi
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to investigate the present meaning and actuallity of metaphor from the point of view of several modern new theories about it, for example Derrida's thoery of difference and repetition, autopoiecis-theory, Luhmann's system theory, information processing theory, cognitive psychology (Lakoff) etc. which have lately attracted considerable attention.Since 1994 we have been trying to formulate the significance of theories about metaphor, and clarified elementar points and rhetotical position. As the next stage of our studies, we attempted to examine in this research how "differences and schifis" work in languages, because a phenomenon of "gaps" is regarded as the first fundamental prerequisite for creating a metaphor, not only in classical theories of metaphor from Aristoteles to Ricoeul, but also in new thoughts on metaphor.First we reexamined Benjamin's famous ideas about allegory to which gaps are essential, and then two theories that are based on ironical … More shift-mechanism which covers our life with virtual falses and images as a result of the absense of connections with referents; the notion of the shift-transposition in languages ( Aitchison) and information processing theory. After that we investigated shifts for metaphor from a point of view of the cognitive psychology (Lakoff) which reduces every cultural level and activity that slides a fundamental level of senses, namely gaps and shifts, to the physical dimension. System theory also regards the shift and gap by self-reflection as one of the most important conditions for communication and creating meaning and metaphor.We came to the conclusion that shift involves not only negative characters, but also positive various potentiality and are among the most necessary condition for language and thinking. It is also true of metaphor that is a part of the language and makes the best of shifts in order to produce of view and meanings. Consequently, in our next subject we would like to take a mechanism of combinations of two different elements, a generation-system from shifts, in the case of metaphor into consideration. Less

本研究的目的是从最近引起广泛关注的德里达的差异与重复理论、自创生理论、卢曼的系统论、信息加工理论、认知心理学（Lakoff）等几个现代隐喻新理论的角度来探讨隐喻的现状和现实。自1994年以来，我们一直在试图阐述隐喻理论的意义，并阐明了隐喻理论的意义。基本要点和修辞位置。作为我们研究的下一阶段，我们试图在本研究中探讨“差异和分歧”在语言中的作用，因为“间隙”现象被视为创造隐喻的首要基本前提，不仅在从亚里士多德到利科的经典隐喻理论中，而且在隐喻的新思想中也是如此。本质上，然后是两种基于讽刺性转变机制的理论，由于缺乏与所指对象的联系，这些理论用虚拟的虚假和图像覆盖了我们的生活；语言中移位换位的概念（艾奇森）和信息处理理论。之后，我们从认知心理学（Lakoff）的角度研究了隐喻的转变，它减少了将基本感官水平（即间隙和转变）滑向物理维度的每一种文化水平和活动。系统论也把自我反思的转变和差距视为沟通、创造意义和隐喻的最重要条件之一。我们得出的结论是，转变不仅涉及消极性格，还涉及积极的各种潜能，是语言和思维最必要的条件之一。隐喻也是如此，隐喻是语言的一部分，它充分利用变换来产生观点和意义。因此，在我们的下一个主题中，我们希望在隐喻的情况下考虑两种不同元素的组合机制，即来自转变的生成系统。较少的