International Comparative Research on the Deregulation of Private Employment Agency and the Revision of ILO Convention no.96

答：在日本，就业的灵活性和劳动政策的放松意味着在劳动标准、劳动力市场、人事管理和劳资关系等领域放松对工人保护的规定。我们明确，一是放松对劳务派遣业务的管制，并没有带来结构性失业的改善，而是增加了失业和不稳定的就业。其次，私营职业介绍所的自由化并不会带来就业岗位的增加。B.我们调查了英国和德国的以下几点：1)私人职业介绍所和劳务派遣业务在20世纪90年代是如何放开的，2)这种自由化是否改善了劳动力市场的长期失业状况，3)就业政策的灵活性增加了哪些类型的就业。此外，我们还研究了美国临时就业的增加对劳资关系的影响。C.1997年国际劳工大会通过了新的关于私营职业中介机构的JILO公约(第181号)。主张放松劳工政策的人士认为，新公约意在通过1997年国际劳工大会的一些记录来促进对求职者和被派遣工人的保护，同时也是为了保护私营职业介绍所。

A.In Japan flexibility of employment and deregulation of labor policies means to loosen regulations for protection of workers in the areas of labor standard, labor market, personnel management and industrial relations. We made it clear that, first, deregulation of worker dispatching business does not bring about the improvement of structural unemployment, but the increase of unemployment and precarious employment. Secondly, liberalization of private employment agency does not lead to the increase ofjobs. Thirdly fee-charging employment agents tend to prefer high paid employees to low paid ones as their target.B.We investigated the following points in the United Kingdom and Germany ; 1) how private employment agency and worker dispatching business have been liberalized in 1990s, 2) whether this liberalization has brought about the improvement of long term unemployment or not in the labor market, 3) what kinds of employment have increased by flexibility of employment policies. Moreover, we studied what kind of impact the increase of temporary employment in U.S.A had on the industrial relations.C.The new JILO Convention on private employment agency (no. 181) was adopted at International Labor Conference in 1997. Advocates of deregulation of labor policies consider that the new Convention intends the private employment agencies, but also to promote the protection ofjob seekers and dispatched workers through some records of the International Labor Conference in 1997.