Biosystematic Studies of Gramineae and Cyperaceae in Nepal

1. Cytotaxonomic study。在这项研究中，我们收集了大约1，200种芝麻和柏树杆菌的草药标本。We counted the chromosome number of 31 species of 12 genera in Gramineae and 13 species of four genera in Cyperaceae· The species of genus Careex and Kobresia were differenciated in many cytological forms in Himalaya alpine region。2. Pollen分析。《核心覆盖物的调查部分》，接近大屠杀的最后6000年。尼泊尔的移徙历史和气候变化的主要部分可以被监管为日本的协同作用。3.“迁移与地形环境之间的关系”。在稳定的地方，尼泊尔Kobresia占据主导地位，但不稳定的地方K.Pygmaea占据主导地位。这两种常见的物种被认为具有适应性进化的不同机制。4.植物防御协会在Talus上观察。植物社区在一个Talus上展示了一个明显的差异，与地形。自从Kobresia Nepalensis以来，Potentila Obliqua被livestock所破坏，其他共同生长的植物在斜坡上比最低的尽头更短。这是Atsatt & O'Dowd提出的“植物防御公会”的一个很好的例子（1976）。5. Kobresia基因的化学物质。The presences of those highly oxygenated compounds may be considered as genus Kobresia中的species differentiation的指标。他们中的一些人被发现用于展示抗生素活动和中等的不适应性活动。

1.Cytotaxonomic study. In this research, we collected about 1200 herbarium specimens of Gramineae and Cyperaceae. We counted the chromosome number of 31 species of 12 genera in Gramineae and 13 species of four genera in Cyperaceae・ The species of genus Carex and Kobresia were differenciated in many cytological forms in Himalaya alpine region. 2.Pollen analysis. The investigated part of the core covers approximately the last 6000 years of the Holocene. The main parts of the vegetational history and the climatic change in Nepal can be regarded to corespond them in Japan. 3.Relationship between vegetation and the topographical environment. On the stable places, Kobresia nepalensis was dominant but the unstable place K.pygmaea was dominant. These two common species are believed to have different mechanism for adaptive evolution. 4.Plant defense guild observed on a talus. Plant communities on a talus showed a clear diffentiation according to the topography. Since Kobresia nepalensis was preferred and Potentilla obliqua was disliked by livestock, other co-growing plants were shorter on the slope than at the lower end. This is a good example of the "plant defense guild" proposed by Atsatt & O'Dowd (1976). 5.Chemical constituents of genus Kobresia. The presences of those highly oxygenated compounds may be considered as indicator of species differentiation in the genus Kobresia. Some of them was found to show antimicrobial activity and moderately insecticidal activity.