Vocabulary in flux: Multilingual dictionaries and lexical change between Early Modern Muscovy and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

不断变化的词汇：多语言词典以及早期现代莫斯科公国和波兰立陶宛联邦之间的词汇变化

• 批准号: 527792400
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Irina Podtergera
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Slavisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/527792400?language=en
• 关键词: Vocabulary; flux; Multilingual; dictionaries; lexical

The project aims to put forward a new understanding of the mechanisms of linguistic and cultural interaction in Early Modern Eastern Europe. The main objects of research are two large multilingual dictionaries: (1) the Greek–(Church) Slavonic–Latin dictionary compiled by Epifanii Slavinetskii, a Kievan scholar active in Moscow in the mid-17th century; (2) Fedor Polikarpov’s Slavonic–Greek–Latin Leksikon treyazychnyi (Moscow, 1704), a reworked and partly Russified version of Epifanii’s dictionary. Both dictionaries will be digitized and linked together in a dictionary portal as part of the project. On the basis of these data, the impact of Ruthenian literati on the development of the written language of Muscovy will be analyzed in depth. It will be shown in amply illustrated case studies how Russian intellectuals took up Western European (Latin and Greek) vocabulary, via men of letters from Poland-Lithuania as intermediaries, and thereby made the intellectual heritage of Western European their own. Using approaches from modern contact linguistics to ascertain how lexical change occurred, and what lexical items were borrowed and how, will facilitate a more fine-grained analysis of (East) Slavic reciprocal relations in the Early Modern era. At the same time, East Slavic lexicography will be examined as a cultural practice that travelled from Poland-Lithuania to Moscow and which was an amalgamation of the Greek/(Church) Slavonic, Latin/Polish and Ruthenian/Russian traditions. In order to achieve these ambitious goals, the latest computer technologies will be put to use alongside traditional methods from philology and linguistics. Handwritten text recognition tools (Transkribus, eScriptorium/kraken) will be used to process the texts. A database consisting of both dictionaries and sample texts from the same cultural context will be created and tagged according to the XML/TEI standard. Tools will be developed to link the dictionaries and texts, opening up possibilities for automatic comparative study of the vocabulary in them. The digital versions of both dictionaries will be made available for further scholarship on a lasting basis via the online dictionary portal. A separate print edition of Polikarpov’s dictionary with be prepared with an extensive research portion. The dictionary portal will be designed to allow additional dictionaries and other sources to be added in the future, which will afford for a wide-ranging analysis of trends in the development of vocabulary in the East Slavic language space and open up new perspectives for research into Ruthenian (Ukrainian/Belarusian) influence on the development of written language in Russia.

该项目旨在对近代早期东欧的语言和文化互动机制提出新的理解。主要研究对象是两本大型多语言词典：（1）17世纪中叶活跃于莫斯科的基辅学者埃皮凡尼·斯拉维涅茨基（Epifanii Slavinetskii）编撰的希腊语-（教会）斯拉夫语-拉丁语词典；（2）希腊语-（教会）斯拉夫语-拉丁语词典。 (2) 费多尔·波利卡尔波夫 (Fedor Polikarpov) 的斯拉夫语-希腊语-拉丁语 Leksikon treyazychnyi（莫斯科，1704 年），是 Epifanii 词典的修改版和部分俄语化版本。作为该项目的一部分，这两种词典都将被数字化并在词典门户中链接在一起。在这些数据的基础上，将深入分析鲁塞尼亚文人对莫斯科书面语言发展的影响。本书将通过详尽的案例研究来展示俄罗斯知识分子如何通过波兰-立陶宛的文学家作为中介，吸收西欧（拉丁语和希腊语）词汇，从而将西欧的知识遗产变成自己的。使用现代接触语言学的方法来确定词汇变化是如何发生的，以及哪些词汇被借用以及如何借用，将有助于对近代早期的（东）斯拉夫语互惠关系进行更细致的分析。与此同时，东斯拉夫词典编纂将被视为一种从波兰-立陶宛传播到莫斯科的文化实践，它是希腊/（教会）斯拉夫语、拉丁/波兰语和鲁塞尼亚/俄罗斯传统的融合。为了实现这些雄心勃勃的目标，最新的计算机技术将与语言学和语言学的传统方法一起使用。手写文本识别工具（Transkribus、eScriptorium/kraken）将用于处理文本。将根据 XML/TEI 标准创建并标记包含来自相同文化背景的词典和示例文本的数据库。将开发连接词典和文本的工具，为自动比较其中的词汇提供可能性。两本词典的数字版本将通过在线词典门户网站长期提供，以供进一步的学术研究。波利卡尔波夫词典的单独印刷版包含广泛的研究部分。该词典门户网站的设计旨在允许将来添加更多词典和其他来源，这将为东斯拉夫语言空间词汇发展趋势提供广泛的分析，并为研究鲁塞尼亚语（乌克兰语/白俄罗斯语）对俄罗斯书面语言发展的影响开辟新的视角。