Lifestyles and Physical Activities in Northern Area

北海道和库页岛的居民面临着建立健康生活方式和加强体力活动水平的共同任务，以克服气候和社会经济条件的影响。北海道大学和Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk教育研究所的研究人员1996年至1999年开展的主要研究项目如下。(1)北海道和库页岛中老年妇女体力活动水平的测量。(2)北海道与库页岛学生生活方式与体质的比较研究。(3)北海道和库页岛老年人生活方式和体育活动的比较研究。(4)高等教育在体育、体育、文化等领域终身学习发展中的作用。(1)库页岛老年人身体不活跃、肥胖和对营养习惯漠不关心的比例较高。(2)北海道居民冬季体力活动减少，从小学生到老年人。(3)高等院校和大学的研究人员和教育工作者有责任为库页岛和北海道的居民发展终身教育，使他们在健康、体育和文化方面受益，并制定健康、体育和体育领域的专门人才培训计划。

Residents in Hokkaido and Sakhalin face the common task of establishing a healthy lifestyle and of enhancing their levels physical activity in order to overcome both the affects of climate and socioeconomic conditions. Main research projects performed by researchers in Hokkaido University and Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Pedagogical Institute from 1996 to 1999 were as follows. (1) Measurement of the levels of physical activity of middle aged and elderly women in Hokkaido and Sakhalin. (2) Comparative study on lifestyle and fitness of the students in Hokkaido and Sakhalin. (3) Comparative study on lifestyle and physical activities of the elderly in Hokkaido and Sakhalin. (4) Role of higher education in the development of life-long learning in the fields of physical education, sports, and culture.The main findings obtained from these studies were as follows. (1) A higher percentage of the elderly in Sakhalin are physically inactive obese and indifferent to nutritional practices. (2) A decrease in physical activity during winter was observed in the residents of Hokkaido, from schoolboys to the elderly. (3) Researchers and educators in institutes of higher education and universities have a responsibility to develop life-long education for the residents of Sakhalin and Hokkaido which will benefit them in terms of health, sports, and culture, and develop training programs for specialists in the fields of health, physical education and sports.