Historical research of local autonomy and national integration in Modern China

在这个计划中，我们研究了近代中国的地方自治和民族整合。我们得到了以下结果。自甲午战争以来，中国社会对捍卫主权和国家一体化的必要性的兴趣日益浓厚。20世纪初，清政府决定引进宪政。它为国会和地方自治的建立做了准备。清政府在推行宪政的同时，尝试了中央集权政体的形成。但它并不成功。具有讽刺意味的是，地方自治制度的引入促进了地方的独立和对中央政府的不满。直到20世纪20年代上半叶，北京政府都无法统一全国。每个省都试图制定省宪法，并主张联邦原则。1928年，国民党以北伐统一全国，成立国民政府。国民党减少了省级政府的权力，保留了一个自治区。它形成了中央集权政体。

In this plan, we researched about a local autonomy and a national integration in Modern China. We obtained the following results.1. Since the Shino-Japanese War, an interest to necessity of sovereign power defense and national integration increased in Chinese society. At the beginning of' 20th century , the Qing government decided introducing of constitutionalism. It made preparation for the foundation of national assembly and local autonomy.2. Qing gevernment tried a formation of centralized polity when it set to introduction of constitutionalism. But it wasn't successful. Ironically, the introduction of local autonomy system promoted provincial independence and disaffection with the central government.3. Until the first half of 1920's, the Beijing Government wasn't able to unify the whole country. Each province tried to enact the provincial constitution and claimed a federal principle.4. The Kuomintang unified the whole country with the Northern Expedition and established the Nationalist Government in 1928.The Kuomintang reduced the power of provincial government and kept an autonomous unit for district. It formed the centralized polity.