The political, social and cultural study of chinese pre-modern intellectuals' private activity

这个项目的题目是“中国前现代知识分子私人活动的政治、社会和文化研究”，计划于1996年进行。在这个项目中。笔者注意到他们求学教育的地点是“书院”，而“日积”则是他们继续写作的地方，认为他们的私人活动与官方活动的密切联系是中国近代史的特征之一。因此，前一部分通过对“仁宗庆历”时期“应天书院”师生群体政治活动的考察，发现它是国民政府人情关系的缩影，应该是最官方的。后一部分，关于《日记》，笔者试图通过对北方宋时期在新法与守旧对峙时期所作的《日记》的考证，如王安石的《日赋》，来明确地说明《日记》的性质;《司马光》的《日记》，曾布的《增工一录》，本文试图明确地展示南宋“周必达”对这些词的接受和继承过程。研究者们对宋元、元明两个朝代更替时期知识分子的私人投机活动给予了关注，尤其是在宋元时期，“书院”不仅被当时的人们公认为学习和教育的场所，也是为了政治活动。另一种则关注中国古代和中世纪规范人们私生活和知识的“家”，并考虑其原则的变迁，我们将部分研究成果归纳为抽象的“家”。

This project, titled "The political, social and cultural study of Chinese pre-modern intellectuals' private activity" was planned in 1996. In this project. I have taken notice of the place of their study and education "shu-yuan"(**), and of "ri-ji"(**), they continue writing, based on my thought it is one of characters of Chinese pre-modem history that there's close relation between their private and official activity. Consequently, the former I found it the epitome of human relation in national government which should be most official, from the study of political activity of teachers' and students' group of "Ying-tian-shu-yuan"(****) in the "Qing-li"(**) era of "Ren-zong"(**). The later, about ri-ji, I tried to show it definitely through the verification of ri-ji written in the term of confrontation between New Laws(***) and Conservatives(***) in the Northern Song(**) Dynasty, such as "Ri-fu"(**) by "Wang An-shi"(***) ; "Ri-ji"(**) by "Si-ma Guang"(***), "Zeng-gong-yi-lu"(****) by Zeng Bu(**), I tried to show it definitely the process of reception and succession of these by "Zhou Bi-da"(***) in the Southern Song(**) Dynasty.One of co-investigators has given attention to private speculation of intellectuals lived in the time of change of dynasty, Song-Yuan(***) and Yuan-Ming(***), especially in the former, it is extracted that "Shu-yuan"(**) is recognized by contemporaries not only the place for study and education, but also for political activity. Another has given attention to "jia"(*), which regulate people's private life and knowledge in ancient and medieval China, and considered transition of its principles.We round off a part of results of our researches to the abstract.