An interdisciplinary investigation of problems relating to malpractice-cases

(1)初步调查--我们采访了十多位与医疗事故案件有关的人，包括律师、法官、医生、卫生福利部官员、患者和患者组织成员以及公民组织，同时进行了初步调查，从上述类别中有十多人回答。这些调查对我们发现问题、研究问题、收集信息有很大帮助。(2)医疗事故诉讼当事人代理律师（事务所）现状及意见调查问卷--虽然回复率仅为10%多一点，但调查结果为反映律师的实际执业情况、态度和意见提供了重要数据。结果和评论已列入本报告。(3)通过专题讨论会和小型讲习班（以圆桌会议的形式）就总体问题进行讨论和收集信息 ...更多信息 与现行体制--就医疗事故诉讼和其他纠纷的处理以及对医疗事故受害者的救济制度的现状和问题，我们向熟悉这些问题的律师、医生、专家，必要时也向患者、医疗事故原告，公民组织成员根据自己的亲身经历，从不同的角度提供信息，发表意见。然后，讨论了应如何改革现行制度。讨论的详细情况已全部记录在报告中。希望对今后的研究工作有一定的指导意义。(4)对具体案例和司法判例的研究1.圆桌会议形式的（小型）讲习班-举办这些讲习班的目的是全面研究外科、急诊、牙科、全面医疗检查和精神疾病治疗等各个领域的医疗事故案件的司法判例。参与医疗事故案件的医生、牙医、律师和学者（包括尽可能多的相关领域的专家医生）参加了讲习班，并在讲习班上作了报告和讨论。(The主要讨论的速记摘要载于报告书内。2.案例研究，包括审查诉讼记录和与有关当事人的面谈-本报告总结了在两个研讨会上讨论的小泽事件的研究和随后的研究，作为试点案例研究。关于小樽事件等预防接种相关的医疗事故诉讼，札幌地区的研究人员对诉讼记录进行了审查，并与律师、法官和行政当局进行了访谈，而金泽、京都和筑波地区的研究人员也分别进行了同样的调查。这项调查尚未完成，其他报告中包括对特定案例的研究以及指定研究人员和合作研究人员提供的意见。少

(1) Preliminary survey--We interviewed more than ten people involved with medical malpractice cases including lawyers, judges, doctors, officials of Health and Welfare Ministry, members of patients and sufferers' oranizations, and citizens' organizations, At the same time a preliminary questionnairesurvey was conducted, which more than ten people from the above categories answered. These surveys greatly helped us uncover and examine problems, and collect information.(2) Questionnaire for lawyers (or law offices) who represent parties involved in malpractice suits regarding the current situation and their opinion -- Although the response rate was only a little more than 10%, the results provide important data which show the actual practices of these lawyers as well as their attirude and opinion. The results and comments are included in the report.(3) Discussion and information collection through symposiums and small workshops (in the form of round-table conference) on the overall proble … More ms and the current system--Regarding the current situation and problems concerning the settlement of law suits or other disputes of malpractice and the relief system for the sufferers of medical accidents, we asked lawyers, doctors, and experts who are well versed in such problems, and where necessary, patients, plaintiffs of malpractice suits, and members of citizens' organizations to provide information and express their opinion from different viewpoints based on their firsthand experience. Then, how the current system should be reformed was discussed. The details of the discussion are fully recorded in the report. They are expected to have great significance to future research and study.(4) study on particular cases and judicial precedents1.(Small) warkshops in the form of round-table conferences--These workshops were held for the purpose of comprehensive study on judicial precedents of malpractice cases in various fields such as surgery, emergency medical service, dentistry, thorough medical examination, and treatment of mental diseases. Doctors, dentists, lawyers, and academics who are involved with malpractice cases (including as many expert doctors in related fields as possible) participated in the workshops where they made reports and had discussions. (The shorthand notes of main discussion are included in the report.)2.Case study including the scrutiny of law-suit records and interview with parties concerned--The research and subsequent study of the Ozawa Incident as a pilot case study, which were discussed in two workshops, were summarized in the report. Regarding the malpractice suits concerning preventive vaccination, such as the Otaru Case, researchers in the Sapporo district have been engaged in scrutiny of law suit records and interviews with lawyers, judges and administrative authority, while those in Kanazawa, Kyoto, and Tsukuba districts have been conducting the same kind of surveys respectively. This survey has not been completed yet.Included in other reports are studies on particular cases and opinions contributed by assigned reseachers and collaborating researchers. Less