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Analysis of species and genetic diversities' dynamics in natural forest management.

天然林经营物种和遗传多样性动态分析。

基本信息

批准号：
08456075
负责人：
IDE Yuji
金额：
$ 5.38万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is thought that sustainable wood product is secured by the extensive selection cutting which is a sustainable management system of natural forest conducted in University Forest in Hokkaido, The University Forests, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo. However there is little research on the changes in species diversity and genetic diversity of the natural forest where this management was conducted. Then we put the problems in the utilization of natural forest by the extensive selection cutting in order and discussed on them from the viewpoint of species diversity. We discussed on the genetic effect of selection cutting of Abies sachalinensis forest as an practical sample. And we also revealed the actual genetic diversity of Abies sachalinensis forests in the University Forest in Hokkaido.Following results were obtained by this research ; 1) Forest structure, especially in diameter of trees, had been changing by the selection cutting in the natural forest. Then it seemed to be necessary to cut broad-leaved species to maintain the species diversity of the forest. 2) Percentage of homogeneous allele combinations was decreased and heterogeneous allele combinations were increase in the natural stand of Abies sachalinensis by the selection cutting. However there was not significant change in allele frequencies in the population. 3) Genetic differentiation was detected among Abies sachalinensis populations distributed a different altitude on Mt. Tairoku-san in University Forest in Hokkaido.

人们认为，可持续的木材产品是通过广泛的选择砍伐来确保的，这是在北海道大学森林、东京大学农学部大学森林中实施的天然林可持续管理系统。然而，对于进行这种管理的天然林物种多样性和遗传多样性变化的研究很少。然后对天然林粗选采伐利用中存在的问题进行了梳理，并从物种多样性的角度进行了探讨。以大冷杉林为例，探讨了选择采伐的遗传效应。我们还揭示了北海道大学森林中冷杉森林的实际遗传多样性。本研究获得了以下结果： 1）天然林的择伐使森林结构，特别是树径发生了变化。那么似乎有必要砍伐阔叶树种以维持森林的物种多样性。 2)选择扦插后，大山冷杉自然林中同质等位基因组合比例下降，异质等位基因组合比例增加。然而，人群中的等位基因频率没有显着变化。 3)在北海道大学森林太六山不同海拔分布的冷杉种群中发现了遗传分化。