Method and Effects of Training on Physical Fitness of Children with Mental Retardation

以前的研究报告指出，智力迟钝的儿童在体能测试中低于非智力迟钝的同龄人，但是，当提供适当的体能训练时，他们的进步虽然缓慢，却超过了非智力迟钝的同龄人。有一个特殊的学校的孩子谁有一个显着的高耐力跑的能力，大多数的高中年龄的学生都能够完成完整的马拉松。本研究旨在探讨这所特殊学校实施全年制体育课程的成效。所有学生，年龄在12 - 18岁之间，年龄在40岁以下，参加了每周六天的4公里跑步计划，他们还参加了体育课程，其中包括肌肉力量，柔韧性和平衡练习。根据心率评估运动计划的有氧阶段的时间。最后1 km跑时心率为165 ~ 180次/分，全程平均150次/分。在体能测试（肌肉力量、耐力、力量、敏捷性、柔韧性）中，学生表现出高于其他弱智儿童特殊学校组的能力。本研究明确显示，跑步训练对提高智力落后儿童的心血管适能及工作能力是有效的。

Previous studies have reported that mentally retarded children fall below their nomretarded peers on tests of physical fitness, but that when appropriate fitness training has provided, their progress, although slow, paralleled that of nonretarded. There is a special school children who have a markedly high abilities of endurance run ; most of the high school age students are able to complete full marathon. This study have been concentrated on the effectiveness of year-round physical education programs in this special school. All students, aged from 12 to 18, Os below 40, have participated in running program of 4 km six days a week, and they also have participated in physical education program in which muscle strength, flexibility and balance exercise were included. Workload in th aerobic phase of the exercise program were assessed based on heart rate. The heart rates during runnning exercise of last 1 km were from 165bpm to 180 bpm, with mean value of 150 bpm during whole exercise. The students showed higher abilities on the tests of physical fitness (muscle strength, endurance, , power, agility, and fiexibility) then the group of the other special school for mentally retarded children. This study clearly showed that a runnning program was effective in increasing cardiovascular fitness and work prformance of the children with mental retardation.