A STUDY OF THE POLICY OF SPECIALIST SCHOOLS IN ENGLAND

这项研究有双重目的。本文首先对英国保守党政府推行的中等教育专科学校政策进行了研究，并对其实施过程进行了分析。二是调查特殊学校的实际情况。对于前一个目的，首席调查员进行了基于文献的专业学校研究，对于后一个目的，他对技术和语言学院进行了问卷调查。至于专科学校的想法，得出了以下结果。政策制定者坚定地承诺，学校教育对经济发展非常有益。技术学院和语言学院是最早成立的，这一点很明显。他们期望这些专业学校将在培养21世纪非常重要的人才方面发挥重要作用。但特殊学校也有望在提高英国中等教育水平方面发挥非常重要的作用，并制定了明确目标的三年发展计划。因此，新当选的政府决定在这种情况下保留特殊学校的政策。然而，我们应该注意到，就学校融资不平等而言，对该政策存在批评。关于第二个目的，调查人员于1996年12月对181所特殊学校的校长进行了问卷调查。在这项调查中，询问了向特殊学校转变的目的、教师、学生、家长和LEAs的态度、寻找赞助者和赞助者对学校事务的参与、课程改革、录取政策和特殊学校的未来。应答率为51.9%。以下几点应加以说明：许多校长利用这个机会来改善学校的财政状况。2.许多学校发现寻找赞助商非常困难，耗时耗力。3.一些学校改变了他们的录取政策，从而显示出选择性录取的趋势。4.许多校长认为工党政府将继续推行特殊学校政策。少

This study has double purposes. The first is to investigate of the idea of specialist schools policy in English secondary education which has bee pursured by the Conservative government and also to analyze a process of its implementation. The second is to investigate actual conditions of specialist schools. Fro the former purpose the head investigator carried out a reseach basing on the literature concerning specialist schools, and for the latter one he carried out a questionnaire survey to tecnology and language colleges.As for the idea of specialist schools the following results came out. There is a strong commitment on the part of policy makers to the schooling strongly conducive to economic development. It is evident in the fact that technology and language colleges were set up at first. They expect that these specialist schools will play a great part in training human power which is to be bery impotant in the 21st century. But specialist schools are also expected to play a very im … More portant role in raising educational standard in English secondary education with a 3 year development plan in which clear targets are set. Thus newly elected government decided to keep the policy of specialist schools itself in this light. However we should note that there is a criticism toward the policy in terms of inequality in financing to schools.As for the second purpose the investigator cariied out questionnaire survey to headteachers to 181 specialist schools in December 1996. In the servey, purposes of transforming to specialist schools, attitudes of Teachers, pupils, parents and LEAs, finding sponsors and involvement of sponsors to school affairs, curriculum change, admission policy and future of specialist schools were asked. The response rate was 51.9%. Several points which are to be remarked are as follows : 1.Many headteachers took the opportunity as enhancing the financial condition of the school. 2.Many schools found sponsor finding very difficult and time and energy consuming. 3.Several schools changed their admission policy and thus indicating a tendency of selective admission. 4.Many headteachers thought that the Labor government would continue the specialist schools policy. Less