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Hellmut Becker as Schoolstatesman and Democratization of Schools in postwar Germany

赫尔穆特·贝克尔作为学园政治家和战后德国学校的民主化

基本信息

批准号：
08610285
负责人：
ENDO Takao
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
HIROSAKI UNIVERSITY (1997-1998)Teikyo University (1996)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The aim of this study is to clarify the historical background of the democratization of German schools starting in the late 1960s by paying attention to the activities and educational theory of Hellmut Becker(1913-1993) as famous theoretical reader of this democratization of schools. The main results of this study are follows :1. Hellmut Becker, set up as a lawyer since German surrendared, became a legal advisor to Landerziehungsheim Schule Birklehof, whose principal, Georg Picht, was a great friend of Hellmut Becker since university period. With this as a momentum Hellmut Becker took an active part as a legal advisor to many private schools and also had a part in enacting the southwest German private school laws of 1950s.2. In addition to private schools Hellmut Becker became also a legal advisor to the various cultural- and academic organizations, especially Frankfurter Institut fur Sozialforschung, Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Psychoanalyse und Tiefenpsychologie, and Deutscher Volksschul-Verband, and contracted a friendship with many intellectual, which played an very important part in the demokratization of German postwar society, for instance M.Horkheimer, Th.W.Adorno, V.Weizsacker, A.Mitscherlich, etc. Through conversing with these intellectual Becker constructed his educational thought, which was underlied by the bilding up the "autonomous human" through the" autonomous school".3. The major reports of the German Council of Education ( Deutscher Bildungsrat), which offered the leading principles to the democratization of German schools starting in the late 1960s, were drawn up mainly by Becker's direct participation and his educational thought.

本研究的目的是通过对德国学校民主化的著名理论家赫尔穆特·贝克尔（Hellmut Becker，1913-1993）的活动和教育理论的关注，来阐明德国学校民主化的历史背景。本研究的主要结果如下：1.赫尔穆特·贝克尔在德国投降后成为一名律师，后来成为Landerziehungsheim Schule Birklehof的法律的顾问，该学校的校长Georg Picht从大学时期起就是赫尔穆特·贝克尔的好朋友。在此推动下，赫尔穆特·贝克尔积极参与了许多私立学校的法律的顾问工作，并参与了20世纪50年代德国西南部私立学校法的制定。除了私立学校之外，赫尔穆特·贝克尔还成为各种文化和学术组织的法律的顾问，特别是法兰克福社会研究所、德国精神分析与心理学协会和德国人民大学，并与许多知识分子建立了友谊，这些知识分子在德国战后社会的民主化中发挥了非常重要的作用，例如M.霍克海默、Th.W.阿多诺、在与这些知识分子的对话中，贝克尔建构了自己的教育思想，其思想基础是通过“自主的学校”培养“自主的人”。德国教育理事会（Deutscher Bildungsrat）的主要报告主要是在贝克尔的直接参与和他的教育思想的基础上起草的，该报告为20世纪60年代末开始的德国学校民主化提供了指导原则。