Research in the Deterioration of Organic Materials in Snowy Region

近年来，有机绝缘材料作为一种电性能优于陶瓷的材料，在户外电力设备中得到了广泛的应用。在日本海沿岸，户外有机绝缘材料暴露在雪中，含有酸和盐分。由此可见，积雪对材料的表面劣化有一定影响。在这项研究中，研究了雪对有机材料跟踪劣化的影响。采用加速降解法对PC、PE和ABS三种不同的样品进行了研究。人工ACIS和盐度溶液与本研究所用沉淀物的实际成分和组成相吻合。将不同样品在该溶液中浸泡后，比较浸泡前后的表面疏水性、抗跟踪性能、吸水率、失重角和微观表面形貌，以观察表面降解过程…。将浸泡后的样品在-20ﾟC冷冻箱中冷藏24小时以上，采用IEC-587斜面跟踪法进行检测。浸泡样品的接触角随浸泡时间的延长而减小。很明显，材料的表面受到了很大的化学侵蚀。因此材料的疏水性降低，从而降低了挂架阻力。(2)一般情况下，有机材料的吸水率最高只有1%。这种材料具有耐酸作用，吸水率低于0.2%。此外，随着吸附的增加，损耗单宁值逐渐增大。(3)一些冷冻材料，如PE和PP，显著降低了跟踪阻力。由于受酸性雪和寒冷条件的影响，户外有机绝缘材料的使用寿命尤其缩短。较少

Recently, the organic insulating materials which have a superior electric performance to porcelain, have got wide use in outdoor power appratus and equipment. On the coast of Japan Sea the outdoor organic insulating materials are exposed to snow cantaining acid and salinity. So it is suggested that the surfce deterioration of the materials would be affected by the snow. In this research the infuluence of the snow on the tracking deterioration of organic materials have been investrigated. The various samples PC,PE and ABS are investigated by accelated degradation.Artificial acis and salinity solution which agree with the actual ingredient and composition of the precipitation used in this investigation. After various samples are soaked in this solution, the surface hydrophobicity, tracking resistance, water absorption, loss tangent tan delta and microscopic surface apperarance for the soaked are compared with those for the original ones in order to observe the surface degradation process … More es.Then soaked samples are frozen at -20ﾟC in the freezer more than 24 hours and these samples are tested with IEC-587 inclined-plane tracking method.The results obtained from this investigation are summarized as follows.(1)The surface of some organic insulating materials are degrated by the solution containing acid and salinity. The contacrt angles of soaked sammples are decreased with soaked period. It is clear that surface of the materials suffer large chemical attack. Therefore hydrophobicty of the materials decrease, which results in cutting down the racking resistance.(2)In general, water absorptionof the organic materials is little at most 1%. The materials, which have resistivity to action of acid, absorb water less than 0.2%. In addition, the value of loss tanngent gradually increases with the absorption.(3)Some frozen materials, such as, PE and PP decreased the tracking resistance remarkably. Because of acid snow and cold condition, the life time of the outdoor organic insulating materials decreases particularly. Less