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Visually Handicapped Pedestrians' Psychological Structure about Cognition of Sound Environment.

视障行人对声环境认知的心理结构。

基本信息

批准号：
08650695
负责人：
TAMURA Akihiro
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
YOKOHAMA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08650695/
关键词：
Visually handicapped Mental map Facet theory Social survey Spatial cognition Barrier free design Audible informtion Two dimensional images アンケート調査 2次元的把握外出行動空間の2次元的把握福祉工学

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to create a better environment for the visually handicapped and the non-handicapped to live in together. When pedestrian spaces are designed for the visually handicapped, it is supposed to be necessary to take their characteristics of spatial cognition into consideration. We conducted questionnaires on 473 visually handicapped persons living in Kanagawa, Japan, in 1996 to investigate their psychological structure about the use of the information for route cognition. Respondents were asked what for they use auditory and tactile information when they walk around in their daily life. The questionnaire was made up of 74 questions sconsisting of combinations of 17 information sentences and 8 usage sentences, based on facet theory. Added to these, age, sex, degree of handicap, remembrance of visual representation, frequency of going out, travel aid, experience of walking training and grasp of direction of destinations when walking in town were asked.283 were responded among 473, and 262 (55.4% of 473 questionnaires) were valid. The result confirmed that the use of information for the blind mainly has two hierarchical levles. The use of information for spatial cognition of surroundings, higher-level use, participates with constructing two dimensional images of geographic structure. And construction of two dimensional images of geographic structure depends on their walking experience and training. The partially sighted tend to depend on visual information for spatial cognition, and pay much attention to audible or tactile information to avoid danger.

本研究的目的是为视障人士和非视障人士创造一个更好的共同生活环境。在为视障人士设计步行空间时，应该考虑到视障人士的空间认知特点。1996年，我们对居住在日本神奈川县的473名视障人士进行了问卷调查，了解他们使用路线信息认知的心理结构。受访者被问及他们在日常生活中四处走动时使用听觉和触觉信息的原因。问卷共74道题，根据面理论，由17个信息句和8个用法句组成。此外，受访者还被问及年龄、性别、残疾程度、视觉表现记忆、外出频率、旅行辅助、步行训练经历以及在城镇行走时对目的地方向的把握。473份问卷中回复283份，有效问卷262份，占473份问卷的55.4%。结果证实，盲人对信息的使用主要有两个层次。利用信息对周围环境的空间认知，更高层次的利用，参与构建地理结构的二维图像。而地理结构的二维图像的构建依赖于他们的行走经验和训练。弱视者倾向于依赖视觉信息来进行空间认知，而更注重听觉或触觉信息来避免危险。