Study on human thermal comfort affected by his behaviors

为了实现考虑乘员行为的热舒适性评价，研究代谢变化对乘员热舒适性和热适应的影响。首先，进行课题实验，研究代谢变化的影响。结果，似乎热感觉在代谢步骤变化后立即升高或降低，然后呈指数变化。增量阶段热感觉的变化率与阶跃变化的强度无关，但环境温度较低的情况下比环境温度较高的情况下要高。另一方面，衰减阶段热感觉的变化率与阶跃变化的强度和环境温度无关。其次，对六栋办公楼内的人员进行了现场调查，调查了人员的热适应情况。通过这项调查，了解了居住者的着装价值观与室外温度、室内温度、性别和着装规范之间的关系。根据居住者是否有更多机会控制热条件，将接受调查的办公室分为两组。比较两组的热感知，但没有明显差异，两组的舒适度SET^*均为26℃。本次调查得出办公室的舒适度范围为22℃<SET^*<29℃。再次，对两类大学的居住者的热适应情况进行了实地调查。从本次调查中发现，舒适度SET^*和班级舒适度范围分别为25℃和22℃<SET^*<27℃。舒适度范围比办公室小2℃。课堂上的人可能比办公室里的人感到更不舒服，因为课堂上的适应性行为比办公室里的更受限制。

In order to achieve thermal comfort evaluation, which takes occupants' behavior into account, the influence of metabolic changes on thermal comfort and thermal adaptation of occupants were investigated.First, subject experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of metabolic changes. As a result, it was appeared that the thermal sensation raise or fall immediately after a metabolic step change, then changes exponentially. The changing rate of the thermal sensation at the incremental phase was not depending on the intensities of the step changes, but it was higher under the condition with lower ambient temperature than with higher ambient temperature. On the other hand, the changing rate of the thermal sensation at the decay phase was independent on both the intensities of the step changes and the ambient temperature.Secondly, the field survey was carried out to investigate the thermal adaptation of occupants in six office buildings. From this survey, the relationship between occupants' clothing values to outdoor temperature, indoor temperature, gender and dress codes. The surveyed offices were classified into two groups according to whether occupants have more opportunity to control the thermal conditions or not. Thermal perceptions with both groups were compared, but there were not clear differences, and the comfort SET^* was 26℃ with both groups. The comfort range of offices were estimated as 22℃<SET^*<29℃ from this survey.Thirdly, the field survey was carried out to investigate the thermal adaptation of occupants in two classes of universities. From this survey, comfort SET^* and comfort range in classes were found to be 25℃ and 22℃<SET^*<27℃ respectively. The comfort range was 2℃ smaller than that in offices. It is possible that the occupants in classes feel more discomfort than occupants in offices since the adaptive behaviors were more restricted in classes than in offices.